| A | B |
|---|
| abiotic | In biology, abiotic components are non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment. Despite being non-living, abiotic components can impact evolution. |
| absolute magnitude | the magnitude that a star would have if it were viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs (32.62 light years) from the earth |
| acceleration | rate of change in speed or direction of a moving object |
| Acid | Any various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form salt |
| Actinide | Are radioactive metals that can not be found on earth |
| Adaptation | A characteristic of an organism that helps it to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. |
| Adaptive Radiation | The rise of many new species in a relatively short period of time as a result of a single species invading different habitats. |
| adenine | A purine base, C5H5N5, that is the constituent involved in base pairing with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA |
| Alkali Metal | Any metal in Group 1A of the periodic table |
| alpha particles | a positively charged particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, emitted in radioactive decay or nuclear fission; the nucleus of a helium atom. |
| amino acid | any of a class of organic compounds that contains at least one amino group, –NH2, and one carboxyl group, –COOH: the alpha-amino acids, RCH(NH2)COOH, are the building blocks from which proteins are constructed. |
| amplitude | the absolute value of the maximum displacement from a zero value during one period of an oscillation |
| Analogous | Structures that have similar functions and specifically similar appearance |
| Analyze | to examine carefully and in detail so as to identify causes, key factors, or possible results |
| anticodon | a sequence of three nucleotides in a region of transfer RNA that recognizes a complementary coding triplet of nucleotides in messenger RNA during translation by the ribosomes in protein biosynthesis |
| apparent magnitude | a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth |
| asteroids | are small Solar System bodies in orbit around the Sun, especially in the inner Solar System; they are smaller than planets but larger than meteoroids |
| atmosphere | the mass of air surrounding the Earth |
| atom | the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element, consisting of a nucleus containing combinations of neutrons and protons and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus by electrical attraction |
| atomic number | the number of positive charges or protons in the nucleus of an atom of a given element, and therefore also the number of electrons normally surrounding the nucleus |
| autotrophs | An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria are autotrophs. |
| Average | a quantity, rating, or the like that represents or approximates |
| axial tilt | The inclination of the imaginary line about which a planet rotates to the perpendicular of the planet's orbital plane. |
| balanced forces | equal forces |
| Base | Any various water-soluble compounds capable of turning blue and reacting with an acid to form salt and water |
| beta particles | an electron or positron emitted from an atomic nucleus in a certain type of radioactive decay. |
| Bias | to cause partiality or favoritism in |
| biodiversity | Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems. |
| biogechemical cycle | pathway by which a chemical element or molecule moves through both biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments of Earth |
| biome | a major biotic community characterized by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate |
| biotic | of or relating to living organisms |
| black hole | a region of space resulting from the collapse of a star; extremely high gravitational field |
| bond | something that binds, fastens, confines, or holds together. |
| breaking | the act of breaking something |
| carbohydrates | any of a class of organic compounds that are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, or change to such substances on simple chemical transformations, as hydrolysis, oxidation, or reduction, and that form the supporting tissues of plants and are important food for animals and people. |
| carbon dating | to estimate the age of (an object of plant or animal origin) by radiocarbon dating. |
| carnivores | an animal that feeds mainly on other animals. In a food chain, carnivores are secondary and higher consumers. |
| Catalyst | Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction while undergoing no permanent change in composition itself |
| Cause | the producers of an effect |
| cell structures | organelles within the cell, each having a function. |
| cell wall | the definite boundary or wall that is part of the outer structure of certain cells, as a plant cell. |
| Chemical Energy | That part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction |
| Chemical Property | A property used to characterize materials in reaction that change their identity |
| Chemical Reaction | The affect between two substances when put together. |
| chemical weathering | process by which chemical reactions alter the chemical composition of rocks and minerals that are unstable at the Earth's surface and convert them into more stable substances |
| chloroplast | a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis and starch formation |
| Class | The taxonomic category composed of related genre |
| climate | the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time |
| codon | a triplet of adjacent nucleotides in the messenger RNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid in the synthesis of a protein molecule |
| Collaboration | to work together, in unison |
| column | vertical arrangement of items |
| comets | a relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit |
| compare | to examine (two or more objects, ideas, people, etc.) in order to note similarities and differences |
| compound | The ability of an asset to generate earnings that are then reinvested and generate their own earnings. |
| Concentration | The act of concentration the state of being concentrated |
| conduction | The transfer of heat from one substance to another by direct contact |
| conductor | a substance, body, or device that readily conducts heat, electricity, sound |
| constant | factors in an experiment that must remain the same through all tests |
| consumers | an organism that must obtain its food from other organisms |
| consumption | The act or process of using up something |
| contrast | to compare in order to show unlikeness or differences; note the opposite natures, purposes, etc |
| controls | standard for comparison in an experiment |
| convection | the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion |
| Convergent Evolution | The independent evolution of similar structures among unrelated organisms |
| Conversation of Energy | A principle pf physics stating that the total energy in any closed system does not vary, although energy can be changed from one to another |
| Convservation of matter | matter cannot be created/destroyed, although it may be rearranged in space, and changed into different types of particles. |
| covalent bond | the bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms. |
| Covalent compound | a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms |
| crest | the highest part of a wave |
| current | a large portion of air, large body of water, etc., moving in a certain direction |
| cytoplasm | the cell substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, containing the cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton, and various particles. |
| cytosine | a pyrimidine base, C4H5N3O, that is one of the fundamental components of DNA and RNA, in which it forms a base pair with guanine. |
| data table | a visual instrument comprised of labeled columns and rows, used to arrange information |
| day | time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis |
| decomposed | separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance |
| decomposers | a person or thing that decomposes |
| Density | The state or quality of being dense; compactness; closely set or crowded condition |
| dependent variable | dependent variable is the observed result of the independent variable being manipulated. |
| difusion | separation of the life instinct from the death instinct, a process often accompanying maturity |
| Distillation | The volatilization or evaporation and subsequent condensation of a liquid as when water is being boiled in a retort and the steam is condensed in a cool receiver |
| Divergent Evolution | The process by which a species evolved into two or more descendants |
| DNA | A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics. |
| Dominance | rule; control; authority; ascendancy. An allele that is expressed in the phenotype |
| Doppler effect | change in the apparent frequency of a wave as observer and source move toward or away from each other |
| double helix | the spiral arrangement of the two complementary strands of DNA |
| earth | 3rd planet from the sun |
| eclipse | one celestial body obscures another, solar eclipse - moon obscures the sun, lunar eclipse - earth obscures the moon |
| ecology | the branch of biology concerned with the relations between organisms and their environment |
| ecosystem | natural unit that consists of living and non-living parts which interact to form a stable system. |
| Effect | something that is produced by an agency or cause; result; consequence |
| electric force | force of attraction or repulsion between objects due to charge |
| electricity | a fundamental form of energy observable in positive and negative forms that occurs naturally or is produced and that is expressed in terms of the movement and interaction of electrons |
| electron | A sub-atomic particle with a negative quantised charge |
| Electronegativity | The ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum), involved in the transport of materials. |
| Endothermic Reaction | Causing or characterized by absorption of heat |
| energy | a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work |
| energy transfer | energy passed from one area to another thru conduction, convection or radiation |
| erosion | condition in which the earth's surface is worn away by the action of water and wind |
| Ethics | set of principal of right conduct; a system of moral values |
| Evolution | The descent of organisms from preexisting life. |
| Evolutionary History | history of the evolution of a species |
| Exothermic Reaction | Realizing or giving off heat |
| Extinction | The death of all members of a species |
| Family | Up and Down column of the periodic table |
| Favored | treated with preference or partiality |
| Filter | a porous article or mass (as of paper or sand) through which a gas or liquid is passed to separate out matter in suspension |
| folding | process by which a molecule assumes its shape or conformation |
| food chain | a series of organisms interrelated in their feeding habits, the smallest being fed upon by a larger one, which in turn feeds a still larger one, etc. |
| food web | a series of organisms related by predator-prey and consumer-resource interactions; the entirety of interrelated food chains in an ecological community. |
| fossils | the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil |
| frequency | condition of occurring repeatedly at short intervals |
| galaxy | a large system of stars held together by mutual gravitation and isolated from similar systems by vast regions of space |
| gamma waves | A gamma wave is a pattern of brain waves, with a frequency between 25 to 100 |
| Gene Expression | Conversion of the information encoded in a gene first into messenger RNA and then to a protein |
| Generalize | to infer (a general principle, trend) from particular facts, statistics, or the like |
| generating sources | sources that generate electricity |
| Genetics | science of heredity and variation in living organisms |
| Genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
| Genus | The taxonomic category consisting of very closely related species |
| Geologic Time | The succession of eras, periods, and epochs as considered in historical geology. |
| glaciation | the condition of being covered with glaciers or masses of ice; the result of glacial action; |
| golgi body | an organelle, consisting of layers of flattened sacs, that takes up and processes secretory and synthetic products from the endoplasmic reticulum and then either releases the finished products into various parts of the cell cytoplasm or secretes them to the outside of the cell. |
| greenhouse effect | Heating of the atmosphere that results from the absorption of solar radiation by certain gases.( carbon dioxide, water, etc) |
| greenhouse gases | Atmospheric gases that retain more energy from outgoing infra-red radiation than from incoming solar radiation. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) & water. ... |
| Groups | A vertical column of elements in the periodic table |
| guanine | A purine base, C5H5ON5, that is an essential constituent of both RNA and DNA |
| Halogen | A nonmetal in Group 7A of the periodic table |
| heat energy | heat: a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature |
| heat source | A medium or container from which heat flows. |
| heliocentric | having the sun as the center |
| hemoglobin | the oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells that gives them their red color and serves to convey oxygen to the tissues: occurs in reduced form (deoxyhemoglobin) in venous blood and in combination with oxygen (oxyhemoglobin) in arterial blood |
| herbivores | An animal that feeds mainly or only on plants. In a food chain, herbivores are primary consumers. |
| Heredity | Transmission of genetic characters |
| Hertzspurng - Russell diagram | scatter graph of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosity versus their spectral types or classifications and effective temperatures. |
| heterotrophs | an organism requiring organic compounds for its principal source of food. |
| Heterozygous | having dissimilar pairs or genes |
| homeostasis | the tendency of a system, esp. the physiological system of higher animals, to maintain internal stability, owing to the coordinated response of its parts to any situation or stimulus tending to disturb its normal condition or function |
| Homologous | Structures that may differ in function but have similar anatomy |
| Homozygous | having identical pairs of genes |
| horizontal axis | axis of graph that is at right angle to vertical - x axis |
| humus | partially decomposed organic matter; the organic component of soil |
| hydrogen bond | a type of chemical bond in which a hydrogen atom that has a covalent link with one of the electronegative atoms (F, N, O) forms an electrostatic link with another electronegative atom in the same or another molecule |
| hypothesis | A tentative explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation. |
| independent variable | variable being manipulated or changed |
| Inheritance | the genetic characters transmitted from parent to offspring, taken collectively. |
| insulator | a material of such low conductivity that the flow of current through it is negligible |
| intensity | magnitude, as of energy or a force per unit of area, volume, time |
| Investigation | a searching inquiry for ascertaining facts; detailed or careful examination |
| ion | one of the electrically charged particles formed in a gas by electric discharge or the like |
| ionic bond | the electrostatic bond between two ions formed through the transfer of one or more electrons. |
| Ionic Compound | A compound composed of positive and negative ions |
| isotope | any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights |
| Issue | a point in question or a matter that is in dispute |
| Kelvin | is a unit increment of temperature and is one of the seven SI base units |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| Kingdom | The broadest taxonomic category consisting of phyla or divisions. |
| Lanthanide | Rare earth elements in the periodic table, that are hard to recover on earth |
| laws of motion | emphasized that inertia is always present in matter |
| layer | single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance; |
| light year | the distance that light travels in a vacuum in 1 year; 5.88 trillion miles or 9.46 trillion kilometers |
| lipids | any of a group of organic compounds that are greasy to the touch, insoluble in water, and soluble in alcohol and ether: lipids comprise the fats and other esters with analogous properties and constitute, with proteins and carbohydrates, the chief structural components of living cells. |
| magnetic pole | Either of two limited regions in a magnet at which the field of the magnet is most intense, each of which is designated by the approximate geographic direction to which it is attracted |
| main sequence | continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on plots of stellar color versus brightness |
| mass number | the integer nearest in value to the atomic weight of an atom and equal to the number of nucleons in the nucleus of the atom |
| matter | the substance or substances of which any physical object consists or is composed |
| Mean | average of a set of numbers |
| mechanical energy | energy of motion commonly associated with moving machines and devices |
| mechanical weathering | The breakdown of rock into smaller fragments by physical processes such as frost wedging |
| Meiosis | Process of gamete formula |
| membrane | Anatomy. a thin, pliable sheet or layer of animal or vegetable tissue, serving to line an organ, connect parts, etc. |
| metabolism | the sum of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which its material substance is produced, maintained, and destroyed, and by which energy is made available |
| Metal | One of a class of elements that are good conductors of heat and electric current |
| Metric | any type of measurement used to gauge some quantifiable component |
| miscible | That can be mixed in all proportions. Used of liquids |
| mitochondria | an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production. |
| Mitosis | method of cell division |
| Mixture | Any combination or blend of different elements, kinds, qualities |
| Model | a representation containing the essential structure of some object of event in the real world |
| motion | an act, process, or instance of charging place |
| Natural Selection | The process by which forms of life having traits that better enable them to adapt to specific environmental pressures, |
| nebula | an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space |
| neutron | an elementary particle having no charge |
| niche | the status of an organism within its environment and community (affecting its survival as a species) |
| nitrogenous bases | (building blocks of DNA and RNA): adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil. |
| Noble gas | And element in Group 8A of the periodic table, the S and P sublelvels of the highest occupied energy level are filled |
| Non-Metal | An element that tends to be a poor conductor of heat and electric current |
| non-renewable resource | any natural resource ( petroleum or minerals) that cannot be replenished naturally with the passage of time |
| nuclear fusion | process by which multiple atomic nuclei join together to form a single heavier nucleus |
| nuclear reactions | a reverse movement or tendency; an action in a reverse direction or manner |
| nucleus | a central part about which other parts are grouped or gathered |
| nucleus | central part of the cell containing the genetic information of the cell |
| nucleus | a fundamental arrangement of atoms, as the benzene ring, that may occur in many compounds by substitution of atoms without a change in structure |
| ocean current | the steady flow of surface ocean water in a prevailing direction |
| Order | The taxonomic category contained within a class and consisting of related families |
| organ | collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function. |
| organ systems | a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task. |
| osmosis | movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane (as of a living cell) into a solution of higher solute concentration that tends to equalize the concentrations of solute on the two sides of the membrane |
| parallax | the apparent displacement of an object as seen from two different points that are not on a line with the object |
| parent rock | original rock from which something else was formed |
| Patterns | the distinctive formation |
| Period | A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
| Periodic Table | an Arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties |
| Phenotype | observable constitution of an organism |
| Phylogenic Tree | branching diagram or "tree" showing the inferred evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical and/or genetic characteristics |
| Phylum | The taxonomic category of animals and animalike protists |
| Physical Property | Any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions |
| polypeptide | a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds and having a molecular weight of up to about 10,000. |
| potential energy | stored energy often used to refer to energy resulting from an object's position relative to the stored energy in the bonds of molecules |
| Predict | To state, tell about, or make known in advance |
| Probability | the quality of condition of being probable |
| producers | an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis |
| Product | A chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
| protein | the plant or animal tissue rich in such molecules, considered as a food source supplying essential amino acids to the body |
| proton | a positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all atomic nuclei |
| Punnett Square | a type of grid used to show the gametes of each parent and their possible offspring; a type of grid that can indicate all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross |
| radiation | the process in which energy is emitted as particles or waves. |
| radiation | energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves |
| radioactivity | the phenomenon, exhibited by and being a property of certain elements, of spontaneously emitting radiation resulting from changes in the nuclei of atoms of the element |
| Reactant | A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction |
| Reaction Rate | The speed at which a reaction takes place |
| Recessive | of or pertaining to a recessive. An allele that is not expressed |
| red shift | a shift in the spectra of very distant galaxies toward longer wavelengths (toward the red end of the spectrum) |
| Relationships | a connection, association, or involvement |
| renewable resource | any natural resource (as wood or solar energy) that can be replenished naturally with the passage of time |
| replication | the process by which double-stranded DNA makes copies of itself, each strand, as it separates, synthesizing a complementary strand |
| Replication of data | process of sharing information between databases |
| revolution | a single complete turn , the earth makes one revolution around the sun in one year |
| ribosomes | a tiny, somewhat mitten-shaped organelle occurring in great numbers in the cell cytoplasm either freely, in small clusters, or attached to the outer surfaces of endoplasmic reticula, and functioning as the site of protein manufacture. |
| ribosomes | a tiny, somewhat mitten-shaped organelle occurring in great numbers in the cell cytoplasm either freely, in small clusters, or attached to the outer surfaces of endoplasmic reticula, and functioning as the site of protein manufacture |
| RNA | A polymeric constituent of all living cells and many viruses, consisting of a long, usually single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. RNA molecules are involved in protein synthesis and sometimes in the transmission of genetic information |
| rock strata | layer of rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous layers |
| rotation | the act of rotating as if on an axis |
| row | horizontal arrangement of items |
| satellite | man-made equipment that orbits around the earth or the moon |
| Saturated | Soaked, impregnated, or imbued thoroughly; charged thoroughly or completely; brought to a state of saturation |
| scavengers | an animal or other organism that feeds on dead organic matter |
| scientific method | a method of research in which a problem is identified, relevant data are gathered, a hypothesis is formulated from these data, and the hypothesis is empirically tested. |
| season | one of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions; |
| sediment | matter that has been deposited by some natural process |
| Separation | AN act of instance of separating of the state of being separated |
| slope | the steepness or incline of a line graph |
| Society | companionship or association with one's fellows |
| solstice | A solstice is an astronomical event that happens twice each year, when the tilt of the Earth's axis is most inclined toward or away from the Sun .the periods of day and night are equal |
| Solute | The substance dissolved in a given solution |
| Solution | A particular instance of method of dissolving; and explanation or answer |
| Solvent | A substance that dissolves another to form a solution: Water is a solvent for sugar |
| sound | type of wave motion that travels through air and other elastic materials as able by human ears in air when the variation of pressure is between about 20. |
| Species | All of the organisms that are potentially capable of interbreeding under natural conditions |
| spectra | light waves |
| speed | rapidity in moving, going, traveling, proceeding, or performing |
| star | any of the large, self-luminous, heavenly bodies, as the sun, Polaris, etc |
| star formation | process by which dense parts of molecular clouds collapse into a ball of plasma to form a star |
| sun | the star at the center of our solar system, a main sequence star |
| supergiant | an extremely bright star of very large diameter and low density |
| supernova | a star that explodes and becomes extremely luminous in the process |
| Survival of the fittest | Natural selection conceived of as a struggle for life in which only those organisms best adapted to existing conditions are able to survive and reproduce. |
| Taxonomy | The science by which organisms are classified into hierarchically arranged categories. |
| Technology | the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation |
| telescope | an instrument designed for the observation of remote objects by the collection of electromagnetic radiation |
| temperature | the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment |
| theory | a proposed explanation whose status is still conjectural, in contrast to well-established propositions that are regarded as reporting matters of actual fact |
| thymine | a pyrimidine base, C5H6N2O2, that is one of the principal components of DNA, in which it is paired with adenine |
| tissues | an aggregate of similar cells and cell products forming a definite kind of structural material with a specific function, in a multicellular organism |
| topography | the configuration of a surface and the relations among its man-made and natural features |
| transcription | the process by which genetic information on a strand of DNA is used to synthesize a strand of complementary RNA |
| transfer (energy) | to imprint, impress, or otherwise convey from one surface to another |
| Transitions Metal | One of the Group B elements in which the highest o0ccupied S sublevel and a neraby d sublevel generally contains electrons |
| translation | motion in which all particles of a body move with the same velocity along parallel paths |
| trophic level | any class of organisms that occupy the same position in a food chain, as primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers |
| trough | the lowest part of a wave |
| unbalanced forces | when one force is stronger than another |
| Unbiased | not to cause partiality or favoritism in |
| universe | the totality of known or supposed objects and phenomena throughout space |
| uplifting | lift up from the earth, as by geologic forces |
| uracil | a pyrimidine base, C4H4N2O2, that is one of the fundamental components of RNA, in which it forms base pairs with adenine |
| Valence Electron | An electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom |
| velocity | speed and direction of motion |
| vertical axis | axis of graph that is at right angle to horizontal- y axis |
| water cycle | The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Since the water cycle is truly a "cycle," there is no beginning or end. |
| wavelength | distance between one peak or crest of wave and the next peak or crest. |
| waves | a disturbance on the surface of a liquid body, as the sea or a lake or in air, in the form of a moving ridge or swell |
| weather | the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation; |
| weathering | decomposition of Earth's rocks, soils and minerals through direct contact with the planet's atmosphere |
| white dwarf | a faint star of enormous density |
| wind | air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure |
| X-rays | electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength shorter than that of ultraviolet light |
| year | 365 days, the time it takes for the earth to make a single complete turn around the sun |
