| A | B |
|---|
| Paleolithic Age | A period in which people were hunter-gathers and used crude stone tools |
| Neolithic Age | A period in which people shifted from food gathering to food growing. |
| Technology | Ways in which people apply knowledge to make like easier |
| Neolithic Revolution | A change that caused the beginning of farming |
| Polytheism | The belief in many gods |
| Feudalism | A political system in which lands in granted in return for military protection and loyalty |
| Monotheism | The belief in one god |
| Monarchy | A gov’t in which power is in the hands of a single person |
| Aristocracy | A gov’t in which power is in the hands of a hereditary nobility |
| Oligarchy | A gov’t in which power is in the hands of a few people based on wealth and military |
| Democracy | A gov’t controlled by it citizens |
| Republic | A gov’t in which power is in the hands of representatives elected by voting citizens |
| Dictator | A political leader given absolute power |
| Pax Romana | A period of peace throughout the Roman Empire where Christianity spread |
| Inflation | A decline in the value of money and a rise in prices |
| Middle Ages | A gradual decline of the Roman Empire |
| Lord | A person who controlled land and granted estates to vassels |
| Fief | The estate granted to a vassal by the lord |
| Vassal | A person who receives a grand of land |
| Knight | In Medieval Europe |
| Manor | The lord’s estate |
| Clergy | A body of officials who perform religious services-such as priest or ministers |
| Crusade | An expedition in which Christian warriors sought to recover the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks |
| Guild | An association of people working at the same occupation |
| Magna Carta | A doc guaranteeing basic rights- No taxation without representation |
| Parliament | A body of representatives that makes the laws for a nation- England |
| Renaissance | The rebirth of Art and Learning |
| Humanism | The focus of human potential and achievement |
| Indulgence | A pardon releasing a person from punishment due for a sin |
| Triangular Trade | A trading network in which slaves and other goods were carried between Africa |
| Columbian Exchange | A global transfer of plants |
| Capitalism | An economic system based on private ownership and investment of money in business in order to make a profit |
| Science Revolution | The study of the natural world began to be characterized by observation and questioning of accepted beliefs |
| Enlightenment | Thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason to society |
| Checks and Balances | Measure designed to prevent any one branch from dominating the others |
| Industrial Revolution | A shift from making goods by hand to making them by machine |
| Factors of Production | The resource-include land |
| Urbanization | The growth of cities and the migration of people into them |
| Laissez Faire | The idea that gov’t should not interfere with the economy |
| Reformation | A religious movement that leading to the Christian churches reject the pope’s authority |
| Manifest Destiny | The belief that the US had the right and duty to control North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean |
| Emancipation Proclamation | A declaration that all slaves in the Confederate states were free |
| Militarism | Keeping a standing army always prepared for war |
| Triple Alliance | A military alliance between Germany |
| Triple Entente | A military alliance between Great Britain |
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | Germany’s policy to sink ships without warning found in enemy waters |
| Rationing | Limiting the amount of goods people can buy during wartime. |
| Propaganda | One-sided information designed to persuade |
| Treaty of Versailles | A peace treaty signed by Germany and the Allies after WWI. Germany taking full responsibility for the war |
| Totalitarianism | The gov’t control over every aspect of public and private life |
| Great Depression | The severe economic slump that followed the collapse of the US stock market |
| New Deal | Franklin Roosevelt’s reform program designed to solve the problems created during the Great Depression |
| Fascism | A political movement the promotes an extreme form of nationalism |
| Nazism | The fascists policies of Germany based on totalitarianism |
| Appeasement | The making of concessions to an aggressor in ford to avoid war |
| Non-Aggression Pact | An agreement between Germany and Russia not to attack one another |
| Blitzkrieg | A form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by infantry |
| Holocaust | A massive slaughter of Jews |
| Genocide | The systematic killing of an entire group of people |
| Nuremberg Trials | Court proceedings where Nazi leaders were tried for the crimes against humanity |
