| A | B |
|---|
| cell cycle | period of time from the beginning of one cell division to the beginning of the next |
| cell division | process in which a cell divides into two independent daughter cells |
| mitosis | process of cell division in eukaryotic cells |
| interphase | G1, S, and G2 phases; occurs between cell divisions |
| prophase | chromosomes condense becoming invisible; nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear; microtubules form a spindle (from centrioles) |
| chromatid | strand of a chromosome that occurs in identical pairs; combined with its sister chromatid,constitutes a chromosome |
| centromere | the part of a chromosome in which the chromatids are attached |
| chromosome | structure in the nucleus of a cell that contains DNA bound to proteins |
| centriole | small structure in animal cells that helps to organize microtubules |
| spindle | cluster of microtubules that span the cell nucleus |
| metaphase | chromosomes are moved to the middle of the cell by the spindles |
| anaphase | spindles shorten pulling the chromosomes apart each sister chromatid will move towards opposite poles |
| telophase | chromatids are at opposite ends and become chromosomes; nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear/ spindles disappear |
| cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm that takes place during the anaphase and telophase phases of mitosis in most cells |
| cell specialization | specific cells are uniquely suited to carry out specific functions |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform similar functions |
| organ | a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function, is needed |
| organ system | a group of organs that perform several closely related functions |
| cyclin | protein that regulates the timing of the cell cycle |
| cancer | if cyclin doesn't regulate the timing of the cell cycle, cancer will most likely occur |
