| A | B |
|---|
| What is the Renaissance in England? | Intellectual movement; focused on scholarship and the human spirit; focused oh human potential |
| What did William Caxton do in 1476? | Brought a printing press to England |
| What had happened 20 years before this? | Gutenberg invented the printing press |
| What occurred because of the invention of the printing press? | Reading and literacy expanded |
| What is humanism? | A movement within Renaissance where the Greek and Roman classics became important again. |
| Was there Christian humanism? | Yes. Use of classics to strengthen Christianity |
| What did Plutarch say? | Aim of life is to obtain virtue |
| What is a Renaissance man? | Someone who is fascinated by many fields of study |
| Where and when did the Renaissance start? | Italian cities, 1350-1550; commerce and the middle class supported learning and the arts |
| When did the English Renaissance begin? | 1485 |
| What did the English Renaissance prompt? | Sea Exploration |
| Who is John Cabot? | Using compass and astronomy, this Italian born man who sailed with an English company reached Newfoundland |
| Who is Desiderious Erasmus? | Dutch scholar whose edition of the New Testament raised questions about the standard edition of the Bible; friends with the writer Sir Thomas More; Stressed morality and religion; Catholic but helped pave the way for a split in the church |
| When did the Tudor Dynasty start? | 1485; monarchs increased their power and undercut nobles |
| What did Henry VII do? | Rebuilt treasury and established law and order by 1509 |
| What did Henry VIII do? | He was Catholic and against Luther; awarded the title "defender of the faith" by the Pope; Killed more; Married 6 times; 2 daughters and 1 son; started Church of England when Pope refused to annul his marriage |
| Tudor Dynasty, who? | Henry VII; Henry VIII; Edward VI; Mary; Elizabeth |
| What did the Tudors focus on? | Renaissance and the secularization of society |
| What is the Reformation? | A response to church corruption; Said Pope wasn't always right; Religion became more individualized |
| What happened in England to start the Church of England? | Pope would not annul Henry VIII's marriage; he fell in love with Ann Boleyn when he was already married to Catharine of Aragon; resulted in the start of the church of England |
| Who is Edward the VI and what did he do? | He became king at 9 and died at 15; during his reign English replaced Latin in the mass; by the time of his death, England was on its way to becoming Protestant |
| Who is Mary and what did she do? | Took the throne and restored Catholicism; executed 300 Protestants thus "bloody Mary"; 5 year reign |
| Who is Elizabeth and what did she do? | Restored the Church of England; Cousin of Mary Stuart; Queen of Scotland and next to the throne; Catholics considered her Queen of England; Imprisoned by Elizabet for 18 years and beheaded in 1587; Catholic martyr |
| When did the Stuart Dynasty begin and with whom? | 1603; King James VI of Scotland who later became King James I of Englans (appointed by Elizabeth) |
| What are the features of the Stuart Dynasty? | Supported the arts; reign is called Jacobean era; Colonization of Jamestown; Struggled for power with Parliament; "Divine Right"; Persecuted Puritans |
| What are the features of Elizabethan poetry? | Lyric poetry was favored; sonnets; began experimenting with other poetry forms |
| What is a sonnet cycle? | A series of sonnets loosely formed into a story |
| What is the first great sonnet? | "Astrophel and Stella" by Sir Philip Sidney |
| Who wrote "Amoretti"? | Edmund Spenser; addressed to his wife |
| Where did Shakespeare get his English Sonnet? | Petrachan Sonnet |
| Who is Christopher Marlowe? | A poet and playwright; he inspired Sir Walter Raleigh |
| What is the difference between middle ages poetry and renaissance poetry? | Middle ages was narrative (long stories); renaissance was song-like and usually brief; expressed emotion |
| When did Henry VII rule? | 1485-1509 |
| When did Henry VIII rule? | 1509-1547 |
| When did Edward VI rule? | 1547-1553 (he was Henry VIII's son with Jane Symore) |
| When did Mary rule? | 1553-1558 (she was Henry VIII's daughter with Catharine of Aragon) |
| When did Elizabeth rule? | 1558-1603 (she was Henry VIII's wife with Ann Boleyn) |
| Why is Elizabeth considered a renaissance woman? | Education (set up grammar schools); theatre become popular; blank verse introduced; never married; 1588 Spanish Armada; Strengthened navy; Named King James VY of Scotland king in 1603; he became James I of England |
| What is James I's most famous achievement? | King James Bible |
| See the handouts for sonnets, etc. | 123 |
