| A | B |
|---|
| weather | a description of the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time |
| atmosphere | the gaseous envelope around the earth |
| 1st Layer of Atmosphere | Troposphere |
| 2nd Layer of Atmosphere | Stratosphere |
| 3rd Layer of Atmosphere | Mesosphere |
| 4th Layer of Atmosphere | Thermosphere |
| Troposphere | most weather occurs here |
| Troposphere | contains essentially all of the atmosphere's water vapor |
| Troposphere | temperature decreases with increasing altitude |
| Stratosphere | clear and dry |
| Stratosphere | temperature uniform in lower levels (@ -60 degrees C) then rising steadily to the stratopause |
| Stratosphere | jet streams occur here - other winds are found also but they are moderate |
| Stratosphere | ozone layer is here |
| ozone layer | absorbs all ultra violet and infrared radiation which heat it up |
| Stratosphere | temperature increases in this level |
| Mesosphere | ozone content falls off sharply therefore temperature falls steadily up to the menopause |
| Thermosphere | atmospheric gases become ionized by certain electromagnetic waves |
| ionized | electrically charged |
| Thermosphere | reflects radio waves |
| Thermosphere | increasingly high temperature due to the absorbtion of radiation |
| Air | Nitrogen 78% , Oxygen 21% , Argon 1% , Carbon Dioxide .03 %, water vapor 1-4% |
| Air trace elements | helium, hydrogen, krypton, neon, methane, radon, xenon |
| Air Particles | ice, water drops, dust, salt crystals,pollen, pollution |
| pressure and altitude | because each layer is compressed by the weight of layers in it, pressure increases as you get closer to the earth's surface it is greatest at sea level |
| NOTICE IMPORTANT | pressure INCREASES as you get closer to the earth's surface |
| Pressure and Humidity | The more water vapor in the air, the smaller the pressure because water vapor displaces air and an equal amount of water vapor weighs less than an equal amount of air |
| NOTICE IMPORTANT 2 | the MORE water vapor in the air, the SMALLER the pressure |
| Pressure and temperature | when temp. increases, density decreases, heated air will then rise. rising air has less pressure. warm areas will be low pressure centers and cold areas will have high pressure centers |
| NOTICE IMPORTANT 3 | warm areas will bee low pressure centers and cold areas will be high pressure centers |
| NOTICE IMPORTANT 4 | Pressure differences result in winds |
| wind | a horizontal movement of air |
| surface winds | the bottom part of convection currents |
