| A | B |
|---|
| rock | solid material made of minerals that form the earth's crust |
| rock cycle | continuous series of changes that rocks undergo (weathering, melting, cooling, pressure) to form new rocks |
| quarry | mine near the earth's surface from which rocks are removed |
| igneous rock | rock formed from hot, melted rock material that cools and hardens (ex.: obsidian) |
| magma | molten rock material formed deep within the Earth |
| lava | magma that has reached the Earth's surface |
| sedimentary rock | rock formed at the Earth's surface when sediments harden into rock |
| sediment | bits of weathering rocks and minerals and pieces of dead plants or animals |
| cementation | a process in which minerals, deposited as water evaporates, bind sediments into solid rock ( ex.:sandstone) |
| fossil | any remains or evidence of an organism from the past |
| metamorphic rock | a type of rock that forms from existing rocks because of changes caused by heat, pressure, or chemicals (ex: slate) |
| coal | type of sedimentary or metamorphic rock that can go through these stages: peat, lignite, bituminous coal, and anthracite coal |
| weathering | breaking up of rocks into sediment |
| sedimentation | act of depositing sediments in layers |
| molten rock | rock that is melted in liquid form |
