| A | B |
|---|
| multiple alleles | a gene with more than 2 alleles |
| sex chromosomes | the only pair of chromosomes that do not match |
| XX | sex chromosomes for a girl |
| XY | sex chromosomes for a boy |
| sex linked genes | genes found on the X and Y chromosomes |
| carrier | a person who has one recessive and one dominant allele for a disease caused by a recessive allele |
| pedigree | a chart or family tree |
| genetic disorder | an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes |
| mutations | the causes of genetic disorders |
| cystic fibrosis | disease with abnormally thick mucus in lungs and intestines |
| sickle-cell disease | a disease which produces an abnormal form of hemoglobin and red blood cells are misshapen |
| hemophilia | a disease that causes a person's Blood to clot very slowly or not at all |
| down syndrome | the result of too many chromosomes |
| amnioscentesis | a procedure that removews the fluid that surrounds the baby and examines the cells |
| karyotype | a picture of all the chromosomes in the cell |
| selective breeding | selecting a few organisms with the desired traits to be the parents of the next generation |
| hybridization | crossing 2 genetically different organism to achieve have the best traits of each parent |
| inbreeding | breeding or crossing two individuals that have identical or similar sets of alleles |
| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced |
| genetic engineering | genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organiam |
| plasmids | amall, circular pieces of DNA |
| genome | all of the DNA in one cell of an organism |
| Human Genome Project | an attempt to identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human body |
