| A | B |
|---|
| Besides religious freedom, what were two other things the colonists wanted? | riches (gold, silver, and gems) and land ownership (mostly restricted to the upper classes in England) |
| How long took to sail from England to Virginia | about four months at sea |
| What country established Jamestown | England (in May 1607) |
| What did Jamestown colonists look for instead of raising food or hunting? | Gold and silver (The colony almost failed because of starvation.) |
| What Jamestown leader set up the "No Work - No Food" rule | Captain John Smith |
| What problems did the Jamestown settlers have with water? | Not enough pure water, a swampy area, water-borne diseases |
| What state would you visit to see Jamestown today? | Virginia |
| A strong building for protection from attack | blockhouse |
| How did John Rolfe help the Jamestown colony? | He planted a money-making crop (tobacco) and married Pocahantas, daughter of a local chief. |
| Lord Delaware became the __________ of the Jamestown colony in 1619. | governor |
| Lord Delaware held this job in Jamestown in 1610. | Governor of Jamestown |
| What did Captain John Smith order the colonists to build for defense? | a blockhouse (type of fort) |
| What did John Rolfe plant? | tobacco (a money-making or "cash" crop) |
| What Indian tribe provided corn to the starving settlers at Jamestown? | Powatan |
| What money-making crop did the Jamestown colonists raise? | tobacco |
| What sport, now played indoors, was already popular in the Dutch and English colonies? | Bowling, formerly known as "nine-pins" because it was played with one less pin in Europe. |
| Who was made governor of the Jamestown colony? | Lord Delaware |
| Why did the Jamestown settlers decide not to give up on their colony? | Three ships arrived in the nick of time, bringing new supplies and 300 more men. |
| General Assembly | House of Burgesses (AKA representative form of government) |
| Jamestown form of government | General Assembly (Established 1619) |
| Persons elected to the House of Burgesses were called | representatives |
| The House of Burgesses was a representative form of government in which colony? | Jamestown |
| What is a General Assembly? | a group that makes laws for a larger group (AKA the House of Burgesses, established in 1619 in Jamestown) |
| What is a government with officials elected by the people called? | Representative government, (AKA a democracy) |
| What is a large farm that grows huge amounts of a certain crop called? | a plantation |
| What colony imported ninety single women to marry its colonists so they would not leave? | Jamestown |
| What country sold African slaves to the Jamestown settlers in 1619? | The Dutch (people from the Netherlands/Holland) |
| an investor | a person who lends money to a company and hopes to profit when the company makes money. |
| How did kings in England treat people who did have the exact same religious beliefs as the King, what did they do to them? | English Kings (and Queens) treated them badly; they took their lands, threw them in prison, even killed them. |
| How did the Plymouth Company raise money for the Pilgrims' voyage and supplies? | They sold stock shares to investors who hoped to make money if the colony was successful. |
| What did the Pilgrims hope to find in the New World? | Freedom to worship as they pleased. |
| Where did the Pilgrims settle? | New England - Plymouth, Massachusetts (They were supposed to go to Virginia, but were blown off course in a storm.) |
| Who were the Pilgrims? | a religious group that was persecuted by King James I for their beliefs. |
| form of government where power is held by the people, not a ruler or governing body | democratic |
| John Carver was elected governor of this group, according to the ideas found in the Mayflower Compact. | Pilgrims |
| Mayflower Compact | an agreement, written on the Mayflower (ship) that said that people would obey laws agreed on by the majority, not laws given by a supreme leader or ruler. |
| Pilgrim settlement location (1620) | Plymouth, Massachusetts |
| Why were Pilgrims allowed to set up their own government? | The landed at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, far from the land specified in their charter, which was in Virginia. |
| How did the Pilgrim's beliefs hurt the growth of their colony? | They made everyone in the colony act according to their beliefs; they were very strict. |
| What colony was settled by well-educated, wealthy men and former government officials? | Puritans |
| What did the Pilgrims and Puritan have in common? | They both came for religious reasons and both actually settled in Massachusetts. |
| How many settlers came to join the Puritans within a few years? | nearly 10,000 |
| John Winthrop | Leader of the Puritan colony at Boston, Massachusetts |
| Puritan settlement location (1630) | Boston area (specifically St. Mary's City) |
| supplies needed for a trip or voyage are called: | provisions |
| What group wanted religious freedom but did not grant it to others? | Puritans, "bossy" people who settled at Boston, MA. |
| Did Lord Calvert set up a colony in Georgia, Maryland, or New York? | Maryland, and they had religious freedom. |
| Established a colony in 1634 in Maryland | Lord Calvert |
| The Toleration Act of 1649 allowed religious groups in Maryland to do what? | worship as they pleased |
| What religious leader established Rhode Island after he ran away from the Puritans to avoid prison for his beliefs? | Roger Williams |
| Carolina was split into two states, name them. | North Carolina and South Carolina |
| Country that settled Carolina in 1663 | England (Sir Walter Raleigh, John White) |
| Dutch landlords who kept strict control over land ownership in New Netherland (later renamed New York) | patroons |
| In 1636, Rogers Williams established a settlement at Providence, in which state? | Rhode Island |
| Leader of 1636 settlement in Rhode Island | Roger Williams |
| New York | began as a Dutch colony, called New Netherland |
| Pastor Thomas Hooker founded a colony in an area with rich farmland in 1636; what state is this now? | Connecticut |
| This South Carolina port, still important today, was named for King Charles II, who granted the charter for Carolina. | Charleston |
| Thomas Hooker started a settlement in | Connecticut |
| What year was Carolina divided into North and South Carolina? 1609, 1663, or 1729? | 1729 |
| Which Indian tribe helped the founder of Rhode Island to survive? | Narragansett |
| Who settled Connecticut, Roger Williams, James Oglethorpe, or Thomas Hooker? | Thomas Hooker. (James Oglethorpe = GA, Roger Williams = RI) |
| Former name of New York (state) | New Netherland (before English took control from the Dutch in 1664) |
| King Charles II gave William Penn a charter for this colony in 1681. | Pennsylvania |
| New Hampshire | This state was part of Massachusetts for 39 years. |
| Sold to the King of England in 1679, it is now the state where the first presidential primaries are held. | New Hampshire |
| This colony's charter was granted to William Penn's father to pay a debt that King Charles II owed him. | Pennsylvania |
| Why did the English force the Dutch governor, Peter Styvesant to give up their claim to New Netherland (now New York) | They didn't want the Dutch, also a powerful seafaring nation, to set up colonies near English ones and perhaps take over. |
| Colonists (mostly former prisoners) settled in Savannah in 1733 in which southern state? | Georgia |
| Delaware | was once divided into three counties and was under control of Pennsylvania for a while |
| East Jersey and West Jersey combined to form | New Jersey |
| Established colony in Delaware region in 1682 | William Penn |
| Established settlement (1733) in Georgia for former prison inmates | James Oglethorpe |
| Meaning of the name "Philadelphia" | City of Brotherly Love |
| Pennsylvania was settled by George Calvert, William Penn, or James Oglethorpe? | William Penn. (Lord George Calvert = Maryland, James Oglethorpe = Georgia) |
| This colony was founded on land given to William Penn so Pennsylvania would have access to the Atlantic Ocean for shipping and fishing | Delaware |
| What two colonies joined to form New Jersey? | East Jersey and West Jersey |
| What were two important individual rights granted in Pennsylvania? | freedom of religion and the right to elect public officials (both choices were determined by the King or Queen back in England) |
| Which colony was set up for former prison inmates? | Georgia |
| William Penn | established colony in Pennsylvania (1681) |
| What clever apothecary (drug store owner) sold advertising in a newspaper he printed himself and is known as "The Father of Modern Advertising?" | John Houghton |
| By the late 1600's the thirteen original colonies had a combined population of about how many? | 200,000 to 300,000 (2003 Census shows Erie County alone with about 280,000!) |
| Farmers, shopkeepers, artisans, and teachers made up which class? | middle class |
| Merchants and planters (plantation owners) made up which class? | wealthy class |
| The 13 American colonies developed over a period of about 50, 75 or 125 years? | 125 years (about 1607 - 1733) |
| Unskilled workers, indentured servants, and slaves made up which class? | lower class |
| What is an indentured servant? | a person who has to work 4-7 years to pay off their passage to America, they are not free until this debt is paid. |
| What were the three economic and social classes of the colonists? | wealthy class, middle class and lower class |
| Why did the colonists think they needed slave (Indian and later African) labor and indentured servants? | The cash (money-making) crops required lots of hard, unskilled workers and most people would not do this work willingly. |
| How did colonists preserve their food? | Meat and fish were salted or smoked, fruits and vegetables were dried, pickled, or kept in cool, dry cellars. |
| Name three colonies that did allow religious freedom. | Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Maryland |
| New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut | the four New England colonies |
| Region which grew important crops such as corn and wheat, AKA the "bread colonies": | middle colonies |
| Region with broad, fertile farmlands and a warm climate where rice, tobacco and indigo grew well: | southern colonies |
| Region with rocky soil and long, cold winters where shipbuilding, ironworking, fishing and lumbering were important: | New England colonies |
| The five southern colonies | Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia |
| What did colonists use for cooking and heat? | open hearth fireplace and sometimes a brick oven built into the wall beside it |
| What were the three colonial regions? | New England, middle colonies, southern colonies |
| Why were epidemics (widespread outbreaks of disease) such a problem for the colonists? | They had little medical knowledge on how to either treat or prevent disease. |
| Why were New England farms smaller than farms to the south? | The soil was rocky and heavily wooded; it was hard to clear land for farming beyond the farmer's own needs. |
| How did poor people pay for their transportation to America and for supplies? | They sold their freedom and their labor for the next 4-7 years, after which they were free. |
| How was kidnapping involved in getting colonists? | Young men were kidnapped and sold as indentured servants for 4-7 years. |
| New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware | the four middle colonies |
| What plant, grown in the colonies was used to make a valuable dark blue dye? | indigo |
| What document did the Pilgrims sign on a ship that set up self-government in an American colony? | The Mayflower Compact |
| What four countries did King James rule over in 1620? | England, France, Ireland, and Scotland |
