| A | B |
|---|
| crossing over | when an area on one chromatid is exchanged with an area on another chromatid |
| gametes | shown along the top and sides of the punnet square |
| punnet square | used to predict possible genotypes |
| hybrid | a heterozygous individual |
| genetics | passing traits from parents to offspring |
| egg | gamete from the mother |
| sperm | gamete from the father |
| diploid | contain two alleles for each trait |
| phenotype | what an organism looks like |
| genotype | an organism's genetic make up |
| mitosis | results in two identical daughter cells |
| meiosis | results in 4 unique daughter cells |
| allele | alternate form of a gene |
| homozygous | two identical alleles for a particular trait |
| F 1 generation | offspring of two original parents |
| F 2 generation | offspring of the F 1 generation |
| incomplete dominance | produces a new trait that is a blend of the two alleles |
| co dominance | traits for both alleles show up |
| sex linked | alleles for traits located on the sex chromosomes |
| non-disjunction | failure of two homologous chromosoes to separate |
| multiple alleles | blood type is an example of this type of inheritance |
| color-blindness is an example | sex linked condition |
| prophase 2 | chromosomes do not duplicate right before this in meiosis |
| metaphase 1 | homologous chromosomes meet in the middle |
| anaphase 1 | homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles |
| telophase 1 | meiosis stage resulting in 2 diploid cells |
| metaphase 2 | sister chromatids line up at equator |
| anaphase 2 | centromeres split and sister chromatids tre pulled toward poles |
| telophase 2 | results in 2 haploid cells |
| zygote | cell produced when a male and female gamete fuse |
| haploid | contains one member of each chromosome pair |
| diploid | contains the same amount of chromosomes as the parent |
| fertilization | uniting of sperm and egg |
| heterozygous | two different alleles for the same trait |
