| A | B |
|---|
| ACID | A SUBSTANCE THAT INCREASES THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN IONS. (IT DOES NOT ALWAYS "BURN", BUT CAN BE VERY DANGEROUS!) |
| BASE | A SUBSTANCE THAT INCREASES THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROXYL IONS OR THAT REDUCES THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN IONS. |
| BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY | A SYSTEM COMPOSED OF ALL THE LIVING THINGS IN AN AREA. |
| CATALYST | A SUBSTANCE THAT INCREASES THE RATE OF A REACTION, BUT IS NOT CHANGED BY THAT REACTION. |
| CLIMAX COMMUNITY | A BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY THAT IS MORE OR LESS STABLE OVER MANY HUNDREDS OF YEARS, UNLESS DISTURBED BY CHANGES IN CLIMATE OR OTHER OUTSIDE FORCES. |
| CONDENSATION | A PHASE CHANGE FROM A GAS TO A LIQUID. |
| CONDUCTION | THE TRANSFER OF HEAT ENERGY BY CONTACT. |
| CONVECTION | THE TENDENCY OF HOT FLUIDS TO RISE AND OF COOLER FLUIDS TO SINK. |
| CONTROL | IN AN EXPERIMENT, A "THING" LIKE WHAT IS BEING STUDIED IN AN EXPERIMENT THAT IS "OFF TO THE SIDE". |
| DECOMPOSER | A SPECIES THAT OBTAINS NUTRIENTS AND ENERGY FROM DEAD MATERIALS. |
| ENZYME | A COMPLEX PROTEIN. IT IS PRODUCED BY LIVING CELLS AND CATALYZES BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS AT BODY TEMPERATURE. |
| EROSION | THE PROCESS BY WHICH WATER, WIND, OR ICE MOVES SOIL AND OTHER MATERIALS ON THE EARTH'S SURFACE. |
| EVAPORATION | A PHASE CHANGE FROM SOLID OR LIQUID TO GAS; BOILING IS A RAPID TYPE OF EVAPORATION. |
| FREEZING | A PHASE CHANGE FROM A LIQUID TO A SOLID. |
| HEAT | THE ENERGY ASSOCIATED WITH MOVING PARTICLES (ATOMS OR MOLECULES) IN MATTER WHEN THAT ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED FROM ONE PARTICLE TO ANOTHER. |
| HEAT CAPACITY | THE AMOUNT OF HEAT THAT AN OBJECT ABSORBS OR RELEASES WHEN ITS TEMPERATURE CHANGES BY ONE DEGREE CELCIUS |
| HEAT CAPACITY FORMULA | (HEAT CAPACITY = SPECIFIC HEAT X MASS) |
| IDEAL ENVIRONMENT | THE RIGHT COMBINATION OF CLIMATE, SOILS, NUTRIENTS, LIGHT, AND MOISTURE FOR A PARTICULAR SPECIES. |
| LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER | MATTER CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED BY A CHEMICAL REACTION (IT CAN ONLY BE CHANGED). |
| MELTING | A PHASE CHANGE FROM A SOLID TO A LIQUID. |
| NEUTRAL | NEITHER ACIDIC NOR BASIC; A SUBSTANCE SUCH AS PURE WATER (pH 7). |
| OXIDATION | A CHEMICAL CHANGE IN WHICH A SUBSTANCE COMBINES WITH OXYGEN. |
| PHASE CHANGE | WHEN MATTER CHANGES FROM ONE FORM TO ANOTHER. |
| PIONEER SPECIES | ANY OF THE FIRST SPECIES TO ENTER AN AREA WHERE THERE IS NO LIVING BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY, (SUCH AS AFTER A FIRE OR A NEW VOLCANIC ISLAND). |
| PREDATOR | A SPECIES THAT OBTAINS FOOD ENERGY PRIMARILY BY KILLING AND EATING OTHER ANIMALS. (CARNIVORES) |
| PRIMARY PRODUCER | A SPECIES THAT MAKES ITS OWN FOOD. PLANTS THAT PHOTOSYNTHESIZE ARE AN EXAMPLE. |
| PRIMARY CONSUMER | A SPECIES THAT EATS PRIMARY PRODUCERS (HERBIVORES). |
| PRODUCT | ANY SUBSTANCE THAT IS PRODUCED DURING A CHEMICAL CHANGE. |
| RADIATION | PRODUCTION OF ENERGY RAYS THAT SPREAD OUT AND TRAVEL WITHOUT HAVING TO BE CARRIED BY ANY SUBSTANCE. |
| RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTION | THE AMOUNT OF REACTANT THAT CHANGES TO PRODUCT PER UNIT OF TIME. |
| REACTANT | ANY SUBSTANCE THAT UNDERGOES A CHEMICAL CHANGE. |
| SECONDARY CONSUMER | EATS A PRIMARY CONSUMER. |
| SLOPE | THE "SLANT" OF THE LAND'S SURFACE. ALSO CALLED A GRADE OR INCLINE. |
| SPECIFIC HEAT | THE AMOUNT OF HEAT REQUIRED TO HEAT 1 GRAM OF SOME SUBSTANCE BY 1 DEGREE CELCIUS. |
| SUCCESSION | THE NATURAL PROCESS OF CHANGE BY WHICH ONE BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY REPLACES ANOTHER. |
| TEMPERATURE | A MEASURE OF THE AVERAGE ENERGY OF THE MOVING ATOMS AND MOLECULES IN A SPECIFIC OBJECT OR MATERIAL. |
| 10% RULE | AS FOOD ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED THROUGH THE FOOD CHAIN 10% IS ACTUALLY GAINED BY THE NEXT LEVEL. COWS GET 10% OF THE FOOD ENERGY THAT WAS IN THE PLANTS THEY ATE. THE WOLF THAT EATS THE COW, GETS 10% OF THE FOOD ENERGY THAT WAS IN THE COW. |
