| A | B |
|---|
| HOMESTEAD ACT OF 1862 | Gave 160 acres to those willing to farm on the Great Plains |
| PITTSBURGH | Steel mill center |
| CHICAGO | Meatpacking center |
| NEW ENGLAND | Center of textile industry |
| MIGRATION FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS | Result of mechanization on farms |
| THE ELECTRIC LIGHT BULB | Edison's 1879 invention |
| THE TELEPHONE | Alexander Graham Bell's 1876 invention |
| URBAN GHETTOS | Crowded immigrant city neighborhoods |
| HULL HOUSE | A settlement house that provided services to immigrants in Chicago |
| JANE ADDAMS | Founder of Hull House |
| PARTY BOSSES AND THEIR POLITICAL MACHINES | Gained power by attending to the needs of new immigrants for jobs, housing etc. |
| RESERVATIONS | Lands onto which Indians were convinced or forced to move. |
| LITTLE BIGHORN | Custer and his men died in an attack against 2000 Sioux Indians during this battle. |
| CHIEF JOSEPH | He led the Nez Perce Indians on a long trek, but was captured near the Canadian border and returned to a reservation. |
| THE CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT | The first law restricting immigration into the U.S. |
| IRISH IMMIGRANTS | These immigrants flocked to the U.S. in the 1840s and 50s after potato crop failed. |
| BOSS TWEED | A corrupt New York City boss. |
| TENEMENT | An overcrowded apartment building |
| "JIM CROW" LAWS | Laws passed to discriminate against African Americans and maintain a system of legal segregation. |
| BOOKER T. WASHINGTON | He believed equality could be achieved through education |
| W.E.B. DU BOIS | Founded the NAACP; Called for complete equality and an end to discrimination. |
| JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER | Standard Oil owner; his trust controlled the drills to the pumps |
| ANDREW CARNEGIE | Owner of the Pittsburgh steel corporation |
| HENRY FORD | Developed the cost-cutting assembly line for use in the auto industry |
| THE REAPER | An invention that reduced the need for farm labor |
| AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR | This union bargained for higher wages, shorter hours, and better conditions |
| HOMESTEAD STRIKE | Strike at Carnegie's steel factory ended in violence, turned people against organized labor. |
| RESPONSE TO THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION | The rise of organized labor and Progressive Movement workplace reforms |
| PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT REFORMS | Improved workplace conditions, reduced work hours, restrictions on child labor |
| NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION | Child labor, low wages and long hours, unsafe working conditions |
| EFFECT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON FARMS | Mechanization reduced the need for farm labor, workers moved to cities, more consumer goods available |
| RAILROADS, OIL, STEEL | Examples of big business during this era |
| FACTORS THAT CAUSED THE GROWTH OF INDUSTRY | Access to raw materials, ilarge work force, financial capital, and new technologies |
| REASONS FOR THE RISE OF BIG BUSINESS | National markets created by railroads, lower-cost production, advertising, captains of industry (Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Ford) |
| WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE | Attained voting rights for women with passage of 19th Amendment, increased educational opportunities |
| SUSAN B. ANTHONY | One of the first leaders of the women's suffrage movement |
| 19th AMENDMENT | Amendment granting women the right to vote |
| TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT | Sought a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol |
| 18th AMENDMENT | 1918 Amendment banning the manufacture and sale of alcohol |
| REASONS FOR WESTWARD EXPANSION IN THE LATE 1800s | Opportunities for land ownership, technological advances (transcontinental railroad), gold and silver discoveries, adventure, new life (for former slaves). |
| REASONS FOR INCREASED IMMIGRATION | Better opportunities, religious freedom, escape from oppressive governments, adventure |
| REASON CITIES DEVELOPED | Specialized industries, immigration, migration from rural areas |
| CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY | John D. Rockefeller - oil; Andrew Carnegie - steel; Henry Ford - automobile |
