| A | B |
|---|
| synthetic | manmade |
| matter | anything that has mass and volume |
| element | substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance |
| mixture | two or more substances combined but not chemically |
| compound | two or more elements chemically combined |
| molecule | smallest unit of a compound |
| chemical formula | chemical symbols and subscripts used to identify the elements in a compound |
| atom | smallest unit of an element |
| proton | positively charged subatomic particle |
| neutron | neutral subatomic particle |
| electron | negatively charged subatomic particle |
| nucleus | center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons |
| valence electrons | electrons in outermost energy level of an atom, determines the reactivity of the element |
| atomic mass | equal to the number of protons and neutrons in one atom |
| periodic table | chart that organizes information about all of the elements, arranged by atomic number |
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| period | horizontal row of the periodic table |
| group | vertical column of the periodic table, also called family |
| reactivity | how likely an element is to form bonds with other elements |
| metalloid | elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals |
| physical property | characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance |
| chemical property | describes how the matter will change under certain conditions |
| metal | element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity |
| nonmetal | element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity |
| malleable | able to be shaped or hammered into a thin foil |
| ductile | able to be stretched into a thin wire |
| magnetism | force of attraction or repulsion between like or unlike poles |
| conductor | allows electrons to flow through it easily |
| insulator | does not allow electricity to flow through it |
| density | ratio of mass to volume, mass/volume |
| solubility | measure of how much of a substance dissolves into another substance |
| melting point | temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid |
| boiling point | temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas |
| physical change | alters physical properties without changing the identity of the substance |
| chemical reaction | process by which new substances are formed |
| precipitate | solid that forms from a chemical reaction in a solution |
| reactant | substance that takes part in a chemical reaction, left side of a chemical equation |
| product | substance formed by a chemical reaction, right side of a chemical equation |
| law of conservation of matter | during a chemical reaction, matter cannot be created or destroyed, overall mass does not change |
