| A | B |
| gametophytes | are completely dependent on parent sporophytes for nutrition and are composed of only a few cells |
| microspores | male gametophytes develop from |
| megaspores within ovules | female gametophytes develop from |
| ovule | contains female gametophyte surrounded by nucellus (megasporangium |
| micropyle | hole, opening in integuments (allows sperm to get in) |
| pollination | moving pollen to vicinity of ovule called |
| seed coat | an extra layer of hardened tissue derived from sporophyte tissue in the ovule |
| germination | external water only needed at |
| scale | a modified leaf |
| 4male cones | pollen cones |
| integument | covering |
| deciduous | lose leaves |
| dioecious | separate male and female plants |
| monoecious | male and female parts on same plant |
| ephedrine | drug historically extracted mainly from a Chinese species of Ephedra |