| A | B |
|---|
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a stable, internal environment inside of the body |
| tissue | a group of similar cells which work together to perform a specific function |
| organ | a collection of tissues that work together to perform a specific function |
| organ system | a group of organs working together to perform a specific function ex: digestive system |
| collagen | connective tissue found in the stomach wall |
| nervous tissue | sends electrical signals throughout the body; tells the brain the stomach is full |
| skeletal system | bones, cartilage and the connective tissue which hold bones together |
| osteoblasts | living bone cells which deposit minerals |
| compact bone | rigid bone which does NOT contain visible openings |
| spongy bone | bone tissue with many open spaces |
| marrow | bone tissue which produces red and white blood cells |
| cartilage | flexible bone tissue found in the ear lobes and tip of the nose |
| gliding joint | allows bones in the hand and write to glide over one another |
| ball-and-socket joint | allows a bone to move freely in all directions |
| hinge joint | allows abone to flex and extend; one way |
| osteoporosis | disease in which bones become weak and brittle over time; lack of calcium and age are factors |
| arthritis | painful swelling of the joints |
| ligaments | strong elastic bands of connective tissue which hold joints together |
| tendons | tough, bands of connective tissue which connect muscle to bone |
| muscular system | made of the muscles which allow you to move |
| flexor | a muscle that bends part of your body |
| extensor | a muscle which straightens part of your body |
| bicep | flexor |
| tricep | extensor |
| voluntary | muscle action that is under your control |
| involuntary | muscle action that is NOT under your control |
| resistance exercise | strengthens skeletal muscles; you work against the weight of an object |
| aerobic exercise | activity which increases muscle strength; ex: walking, cycling, skating, swimming |
| anabolic steroids | drugs which can cause long-term problems to major body organs |
| tendinitis | condition in which a tendon becomes inflamed |
| integumentary system | includes your hair, skin and nails; covers your body and helps maintain homeostasis |
| sweat glands | produce sweat to cool the body |
| epidermis | outermost layer of skin |
| dermis | thicker layer of skin that lies beneath the epidermis |
| hair follicle | tiny sac which grows and contains hair |
| smooth muscle | involuntary muscle found in many body organs |
| cardiac muscle | smooth muscle found only in the heart; involuntary muscle action |
| skeletal muscle | attached to bones; involuntary and voluntary muscle action |
