| A | B |
|---|
| isthmus | a small strip of land that connects two larger pieces of land |
| cultural borrowing | learning other customs through trade |
| epics | long story poems |
| Homer | author of the Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Iliad | tells about people's actions during a great war (Trojan War) |
| Odyssey | describes the adventures of the hero Odysseus on his long journey home |
| polis | city-state |
| acropolis | fortress on a hill |
| agora | an open-air market and gathering place |
| tyrant | someone who takes control of government by force |
| aristocracy | wealthy ruling class |
| assembly | lawmaking group |
| helots | slaves owned by the state |
| oligarchy | small ruling group |
| democracy | rule by the people |
| majority rule | the idea that receives the most votes |
| cultural identity | cultural connection with another |
| myth | a story passed down about an ancient god or hero |
| 776 B.C. | when the first Olympic Games were held |
| leagues | groups of allies for protection |
| Golden Age | a time of achievement with no war |
| tragedies | serious plays in which the main character comes to an unhappy end |
| comedies | humorous plays |
| demagogues | bad leaders |
| Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle | great philosophers of Greece |
| alliances | agreements to help each other |
| Hellenistic | "Greek-Like" Age |
| multicultural empire | empire of many cultures |
| aristocrats | rich landowners |
| citizens | people who had the right to participate in government |
| fables | short stories that teach lessons about life |
| Persian Wars | wars between Persia and Greece |
| Peloponnesian War | war between Athens and Sparta |
