| A | B |
|---|
| mitosis | asexual reproduction |
| asexual reproduction | one organism divides |
| asexual reproduction | occurs in body cells, skin, blood, muscle |
| asexual reproduction produces cells with | 46 chromosones |
| Meiosis | sexual reproduction |
| Meiosis takes | 2 organisms |
| Meiosis produces | only sex cells |
| sex cells have how many chromosones | 23 chromosones |
| female sex cells are called | eggs |
| male sex cells are called | sperm |
| fertilization | when egg and sperm join |
| at the time of fertilization the offspring get | 23 chromosones from each parent |
| each offspring gets how many total chromosones | 46 chromosones |
| genes are carried from parents to offspring on chromosones | Chromosone Therory of Inheritance |
| herterozygous is same as | hybrid |
| homozygous is same as | purebred |
| the genotype for homozygous looks like | BB. PP, pp, bb, ss, HH |
| the genotype for purebred looks like | BB, bb, PP, pp, ss, SS |
| the genotype for a heterozygous looks like | Bb, Pp, Ss, Hh |
| the genotype for a hybrid looks like | Bb, Pp, Ss, Hh |
| phenotype | the physical apperance of an organism |
| genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
| Punnett Square | chart showing all combinations of allels |
| probability | a number tells how likely it is a trait will occur |
| codominance | when alleles are neither dominant or recessive |
| define gene | a section of a DNA molecule that has the information to code a specific protein |
| mutations | when cells produce an incorrect protein during protein synthesis |
| allele | a single chromosone strand |
| chromosones are made up of | many genes joined together |
| recessive genotype will always be written | rr, pp, ss, hh, (2 lower case letters) |
| a hybrid genotype is written | Bb, Pp, Hh, (always upper and lower case) |
| a homozygous genotype is written | PP, pp,HH, hh (letters are same) |
| a heterozygous genotype is written | Pp, Hh, Bb (lower & upper case) |
| the P generation is the | Parent generation |
| F1 generation is the | first offspring (kids) |
| F2 generation | second generation (grandkids) |
| Father of Genetics | Mendel |
| another word for phenotype | traits |
| probability that a tossed coin will land heads up | 50% |
| Ian is a smart boy! | True! |
