| A | B |
|---|
| heat | the energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules that make up a substance - measured using calories or joules |
| temperature | measure of the kinetic energy associated with the molecules - measured in celsius, fahrenheit, or kelvin |
| specific heat | the ability of a substance to absorb heat, unique to every type of substance |
| heat of fusion | heat lost or gained at the melting point |
| heat of vaporization | heat lost or gained at the boiling point |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | the total amount of energy never changes, energy cannot be created nor destroyed only converted |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | conversion of energy from one form to another-results in some of the energy changing into heat |
| electric force | the force that exists between two charged objects - either like charges repelling or unlike charges attracting |
| static electricity | the accumulation of electric charges on an object. Can be detected by an electroscope. |
| current | flow of electrons through a conductive material, measured in AMPS |
| direct current - DC | electrons all flow in same direction |
| alternating current - AC | electrons flow in both directions |
| potential difference (voltage) | the difference in the number of charges between two points in a circut, measured in volts |
| resistance | the opposition to the flow of charges, measured in ohms |
| Ohm's Law | I=V/R - Current = Potential DIfference/Resistance |
| circuit | closed path which electricity follows, a circuit consists of a source of energy, a load, wire and a switch |
| closed circuit | the switch is closed and electrons can make a complete path |
| open circuit | the switch is open and the path is not complete |
| series circut | only one path for the electrictiy to flow, if one light goes out they all go out |
| parallel circuit | multiple paths for the electricity to flow |
