| A | B |
|---|
| Sicily | Island in Mediterranean Sea, off the southwestern tip of Italy |
| Apennines | Mountains that run all the way down the boot of Italy from north to south |
| Latium | Ancient region in west central Italy |
| Tiber River | River in central Italy; city of Rome is on its banks |
| Romulus & Remus | the legendary brothers who, after being raised by wolves, established the city of Rome |
| Aeneas | Trojan leader and legendary ancestor of the Romans |
| Latins | Ancient people of the Latium region in central Italy |
| Etruscans | People from ancient Etruria |
| Etruia | Ancient region in western Italy, north of Rome |
| Tarquins | Ruling family of the Etruscans |
| Republic | Form of government in which the leader is someone put in office by citizens with the right to vote (not king/queen) |
| legions | A unit of 3,000-6,000 men in the ancient Roman Army |
| Patricians | Wealthy landowners in early Rome |
| Plebeians | Artisans, shopkeepers and small farm owners in early Rome |
| Consuls | Top government officials in early Rome |
| Veto | In Latin means "I forbid"; to reject |
| Praetors | Main job was to interpret the laws and act as judges |
| Dictator | Person with complete control |
| Cincinnatus | One of the best known dictators in early Rome; originally a farmers; returned to his farm after being dictator |
| Carthage | City on north coast of Africa; trading and commercial competitor to Rome |
| Hannibal | Carthage general who led an attack against Rome using elephants |
| Battle of Cannae | 216 BC; Romans suffered a severe loss in southern Italy |
| Scipio | Roman general who led the defense against Hannibal |
| Battle of Zama | Romans defeated Cathaginians; made Rome dominate force in western Mediterranean Sea |
