| A | B |
|---|
| thermochemistry | the study of the transfer of energy during phase changes and chemical reactions |
| enthalpy | the total energy content of a system |
| calorimeter | an insulated container in which a thermometer detects the temperature change during a chemical reation |
| sensible heat | the heat, that when applied to a substance, results in a temperature change in that substance |
| latent heat | the heat that produces a phase change with no change in temperatre |
| molar enthalpy of fusion | the quantity of heat required to change 1 mole of a solid to a liquid with no temperature change |
| molar enthalpy of vaporization | the quantitiy of heat required to change 1 mole of a liquid to a vapor at its boiling point |
| specific heat | the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 C |
| enthalpy of reaction | the difference between the enthalpy of the products and the enthalpy of the reactants |
| thermochemical equation | a chemical equation that shows reactants, products, and energy released or absorbed |
| molar enthalpy of formation | the change in enthalpy that occurs when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements |
| standard state | 1 atm, 25 C |
| standard molar enthalpy of formation | the change in enthalpy that occurs when 1 mole of a compound is produced from its elements |
| standard molar enthalpy of combustion | the amount of heat released by the complete burning of 1 mole of a substance |
| Hess's law | The enthalpy change of a reaction equals the sum of the enthalpy changes for each step of the process |
| entropy | a measure of randomness or lack of order |
| Gibbs free energy | a single criterion for favorability of a reaction to occur |
| free-energy change | the difference between the free energy of the products and the reactants |
| endothermic reaction | a reaction that absorbs energy |
| exothermic reaction | a reaction that releases energy |
