| A | B |
|---|
| Genghis Khan | Leader of the Mongol empire |
| Golden Horde | part of Mongol empire, lead by Batu |
| Yuan Dynasty | a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas lasting officially from 1271 to 1368 |
| Pax Mongolia | Golden Age of Mongol |
| Marco Polo | Italian merchant whose writing introduced Europeans to the beauty and riches of China, who explored for Kublian Khan |
| Ibn Battuta | Moroccan Islamic scholar and traveller who is known for the account of his travels and excursions called the Rihla. His journeys lasted for a period of nearly thirty years and covered almost the entirety of the known Islamic world and beyond |
| Venice | rich Italian trade city, home of the great explorer Marco Polo |
| Trade fair | produce and craft producers visited towns for trading fairs, to sell and showcase products. |
| Hanseatic League | was an economic alliance of trading cities and their guilds that dominated trade along the coast of Northern Europe in the later Middle Ages. It stretched from the Baltic to the North Sea and inland during the Late Middle Ages and early modern period |
| Bubonic plague | bubonic plague was the cause of the Black Death that swept through Europe in the 14th century and killed an estimated 75 million people, 30-60% of the European population |
| Epidemic | a rapid spread or increase in the occurrence of something, such as a disease |
| Savanna | grassland region with scattered trees, grading into either open plain or woodland, usually in subtropical or tropical regions. |
| Desert | a region so arid because of little rainfall that it supports only sparse and widely spaced vegetation or no vegetation at all: |
| Ghana | The Empire grew rich from the trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt. |
| Mali | had many profound cultural influences on West Africa, allowing the spread of its language, laws and customs along the Niger River |
| Mansa Musa | emperor", of the Malian Empire. At the time of Mansa Musa's rise to the throne, the Malian Empire consisted of territory formerly belonging to the Ghana Empire and Melle (Mali) and immediate surrounding areas, extremely wealthy leader |
| Songhai | an African Empire that took advantage of the Mali Empire's decline and successfully asserted its independence |
