| A | B |
|---|
| electoral college | A group of electors from each state who determine which presidential candidate will receive a state's electoral votes |
| precedent | An action or a decision that serves an example at a later time |
| Cabinet | 15 department heads who help the President make decisions in their area of concentration; they are called secretaries |
| Judiciary Act of 1789 | Legislation passed by Congress in 1789 that established the federal court system |
| Alexander Hamilton | The U.S. Secretary of the Treasury during Washington's presidency; he had the task of paying off the national debt and created the United States Bank |
| National Debt | Money owed by the U.S. |
| Bonds | A certificate of debt that carries a promise to be bought back at a higher price |
| Tariff | A tax placed on imported or exported goods |
| Speculators | People who buy items at low prices in hopes that the value of the item will rise |
| Loose Interpretation | The idea that the federal government had more powers than just those stated in the Constitution |
| Strict Interpretation | The idea that the federal government only has the power to do exactly what the Constitution says it can |
| Bank of the United States | The country's first national bank |
| Free Enterprise | A type of economy where business is done based on supply and demand, the government does not control what is sold and for how much (more demand / less supply = higher price, less demand/high supply = lower price) |
| Thomas Jefferson | Disagreed with many of Hamilton's plans to pay off the national debt, especially the national bank; he believed in a strict interpretation of the government |
| French Revolution | A rebellion of French citizens against their king in 1789 |
| Neutrality Proclamation | Stated that the U.S would not take the side of any European nation that was at war with another European nation |
| Privateers | Private ships hired by a country to attack that countries' enemies |
| Little Turtle | A Miami Indian chief who defeated U.S. Troops in the Northwest Territory and raided American towns and forts in the Northwest Territory; he was defeated by Wayne at the Battle of Fallen Timbers |
| Anthony Wayne | General who was given control of American Army in the west by George Washington |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers | A battle between Anthony Wayne and his troops against Native Americans in the Northwest Territory. Wayne's victory ended the Native Americans' presence in the Northwest Territory |
| Treaty of Greenville | Treaty signed by Native American leaders in 1795 that gave the U.S. control over most Indian lands in the Northwest Territory |
| Whiskey Rebellion | An uprising in 1794 by corn farmers (whose corn was used to make whiskey) over the new tax placed on whiskey in 1791; whiskey was used like cash during this time and the tax made whiskey almost worthless; the uprising was put down without a battle by the U.S. Army, which was led by President Washington |
| Land Aquisition | The want and need to gain more land to expand the United States |
| Political Party | Groups that help elect people and share political ideas and policies |
| Federalist Party | A political party that wanted a strong central government and supported industry and trade; they chose John Adams and John Pinckney their candidates |
| Democratic-Republican Party | They were known as Republicans, but have no connection to today's Republican Party; political party that wanted to limit the federal government's power; they chose Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr as their candidates |
| Alien Act | This act gave the President the right to deport any alien (person from another country) from the U.S. if he felt they were a threat and also to deport any alien who was the member of a country the U.S. was at war with |
| Sedition Act | An act that was passed in 1798 that restricted anyone from publishing or voicing criticism of the federal government |
