| A | B |
|---|
| Food security | having daily access to nutritious food |
| Food insecurity | living with chronic hunger and poor nutrition |
| undernutrition | Not enough calories in a diet; hunger |
| malnutrition | deficiencies of protein and other nutrients |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| famine | severe shortage of food with mass starvation |
| overnutrition | intake of food exceeds energy use |
| major grain crops | wheat, corn and rice |
| industrialized agriculture | large-scale commercial farming |
| plantation agriculture | used in tropical countries to grow cash crops |
| hydroponics | greenhouse grown without soil |
| traditional subsistence agriculture | human labor and draft animals to farm |
| slash-and-burn agriculture | small plot burns to grown variety of crops |
| green revolution | high-input agriculture to increase yields |
| GMO | genetically modified organisms that allow gene transfer |
| fishery | commercial ocean area of fish |
| aquaculture | raising fish in ponds and underwater cages |
| blue revolution | another name for aquaculture |
| soil erosion | movement of soil components from one place to another |
| Causes of soil erosion | wind, water, agriculture, burning |
| desertification | drought-caused drying out of land |
| salinization | accumulation of salts through overwatering |
| waterlogging | soil becoming overfull of water |
| GMO advantages | less fertilizer, less water, resistant to insects, grow faster |
| agrobiodiversity | growth of a variety of agriculture products |
| pest | any species that interferes with human welfare |
| pesticide | chemical used to kill orcontrol populations of organisms |
| persistence | length of time pesticides remain in the environment |
| broad-spectrum agents | pesticides that are toxic to many pests and nonpests |
| insecticide | kills insects |
| rodenticide | kills rodents |
| herbicide | kills weeds |
| fungicide | kills fungi |
| Alternatives to pesticides | fool pests, give predators homes, bring in natural enemies |
| Integrated pest management (IPM) | combining many ways to handle a certain agriculture's ecosystem |
| soil conservation | reducing soil erosion through a variety of ways |
| terracing | growing on steep terraces without depleting topsoil |
| contour planting | using the slope of the land to determing planting |
| strip cropping | alternating strips of a row crop and one that completely covers |
| alley cropping | interplanting crops between trees and shrubs |
| windbreaks | trees or shrubs around crop areas to reduce wind |
| Dust Bowl | severe wind erosion and dust creating large dust storms |
| organic fertilizer | plant and animal wastes |
| green manure | freshly cut or growing green vegetables used in soil |
| compost | breakdown of leaves and green matter into soil |
| organic agriculture | crops grown with little or no use of synthetic pesticides |
