| A | B |
|---|
| agriculture | the raising of plants and animals for human use |
| anthropology | the study of how people develop and live in cultural groups |
| archaeologist | people who study ancient cultures through artifacts |
| artifacts | objects made by people long ago |
| carbon dating | determining the age of an object based on the amount of carbon-14 in a plant or animal after it has died |
| clan | a group of families related through blood and marriage |
| climate | the average weather conditions of a place over a long span of time |
| culture | the technology, customs, beliefs, and art of a group of people |
| domesticate | to tame wild animals |
| migrate | to move from one habitat to another to satisfy basic needs |
| nomads | people who travel from place to place |
| society | an organized community of people with established rules and traditions |
| technology | the way in which humans produce the items they need |
| Beringia | the stretch of land between North America and Asia, now called the Bering Strait |
| Lascaux | a place in southern France where prehistoric cave paintings can be found |
| prehistory | period of time before the invention of writing |
| paleontology | the science of studying fossils |
| Louis and Mary Leakey | Famous archaeologists that found pieces of bone fossils embedded in Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania |
| hominid | any family of bi-pedal or two footed primate mammals like humans |
| Paleolithic Age | period of time characterized by rough or crude tools; old stone age |
| Neolithic Age | period of time characterized by advent of farming; new stone age |
| Australopithecus | earliest humanlike hominid found in eastern Africa; southern ape |
| Homo habilis | means "man of skill", 2nd type of hominid on earth found in East Africa |
| Homo erectus | 3rd type of human hominid found in Africa, Asia, and Europe; more intelligent and adaptable; used fire |
| Homo sapiens | human hominids that is the most intelligent; wise modern man |
| Neanderthal | were not an ancestor of modern humans but lived as such; had heavy slanted brows, very muscular, religious beliefs |
| Cro-Magnon | earliest Homo sapiens that were fully modern human, identical skeletal structure, planners |
| hunter-gatherer | nomadic groups who depended on hunting animals and collecting plant foods |
| slash-and-burn farming | a technique involving cutting foliage and burning it to clear a field |
| Catal Huyuk | located in Anatolia (Turkey), a large ancient farming village |
| Sumerians | one of the first civilizations in Mesopotamia who ushered in the Bronze Age |
| civilization | a complex culture with 5 characteristics: advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology |
| artisan | a skilled worker who makes specialized goods by hand |
| institution | a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community |
| cuneiform | Sumerian system of writing that is wedge-shaped |
| Ur | one of the earliest sophisticated cities in Sumer on the banks of the Euphrates R. |
| ziggurat | a massive temple found in Ur used for worship |
| Stonehenge | a stone structure found in England built by an earliest civilization |
