| A | B |
|---|
| Trading Cities | Khanbaliq, Hangzhou, Quanzhou, Melaka, Cambay, Samarkand, Hormuz, etc. |
| Marco Polo | long distance traveler of Mongol. He traveled all over and documented and then brought back what he learned to Italy. |
| Ibn Battuta | Muslim traveler. He traveled all around the world. |
| Sharia | prescribed religious observances and social relationships based on the Quaran |
| Missionaries | they accompained the crusaders and other forces to all the lands where Europeans extended their influence after the year 1000 |
| Sugarcane | Muslims began large-scale cultivation of sugarcane in southwest Asia and north Africa during thr Abbasid caliphate. |
| Gunpowder | Mongol invaders learned about gunpowder from the Chinese military engineers in the 13th century |
| Little Ice Age | temperatures were much colder then in the years 1000-1300. |
| Ming Hongwu | established the Ming (Brilliant) Dynasty which lasted from 1368-1644. |
| Italian States | Milan, Venice, Florence, Rome and Naples |
| Humanist | scholars interested in humanities (Lit, History, Philo) |
| Zheng He | a Muslim from Yunnan in southwest China who rose through the ranks of eunch administrators to become a trusted advisor of Youngle |
| Christopher Columbus | conceived the idea of sailing west to reach Asian Markets. in 1492 he finally set said. |
| Mandarins | special class of powerful officials send out as emissaries of the central government to ensure that local officials implemented imperial policy |
| Yongle Encyclopedia | a remarkable anthology, and signaled the Ming rulers' interest in supporting native chinese cultural traditions |
| Grand Prince Ivan III | (1462-1505) aka Ivan the Great, declared Russian independence from the Mongol rule. |
| Italian Artists | Masaccio, da Vinci, Michaelangelo, etc. |
| Renaissance Architecture | structures that enclosed large spaces but kept them open and airy under massive domes |
