| A | B |
|---|
| Group | composed of people who share several features including regular contact, share ways of thinking, feeling, behaving, take another's behavior into account, one or more interests or goals in common |
| Social Aggregate | people who happen to be in the same place at the same time |
| Primary Group | composed of poeple who who are emotionally close, know one another well, and seek one another's company. |
| Primary Relationships | Intimate, personal, caring, and fulfilling. |
| Secondary Group | impersonal and goal-oriented. involves only a segment of its members' lives. |
| Secondary Relationships | Interactions between clerks, customers, employers and workers, etc. |
| Reference Groups | certain groups in which we use to evaluate ourselves and acquire attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms. |
| In-Group | requires some loyalty from its memebers. its norms compel members to exclude others. competes with out-group |
| Out-Group | a group toward which in-group members feel opposition, antagonism, or competition. |
| Social Network | web of social relationships that join a person to other people and groups. |
| Cooperation | a form of interaction in which individuals or groups combine their efforts to reach some goal. usually occurs when reaching a goal demands the best use of limited resources and efforts |
| Conflict | groups or individuals that work against one another for a larger share of the rewards are involved in this |
| Social Exchange | a type of social interaction in which one person voluntarily does something for another, expecting a reward in return. |
| Conformity | behavior that matches group expectations. when we conform we adapt our behavior to fit the behavior of those around us. |
| Groupthink | exists when thinking in a group is self-deceptive, based on conformity to group beliefs, and created by group pressure. pressures toward uniformity discourage members from expressing their concerns about group decisions. |
| Formal Organization | deliberately created to achieve one or more long-term goals. examples are high schools, colleges, corporations, etc. |
| Bureaucracies | Part of formal organizations based on rationality and efficiency. proven to effective in industrial societies |
| Power | refers to the ability to control the behavior of others, even against their will |
| Authority | the exercise of legitimate power - power that derives from a recognized or approved source. |
| Rationalization | the mindset emphasizing knowledge, reason, and planning rather than tradition and superstition |
| Informal Organization | groups within a formal organization in which personal relationships are guided by norms, rituals, and sentiments that are not part of the formal organization. based on common interests and personal relationships - usually formed spontaneously. |
