| A | B |
|---|
| rotator cuff tear | tear in the "cuff" (connective tissue) around the upper end of the humerus |
| arthralgia | pain joints |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Chronic, systemic, inflammatory disorder that primarily affects peripheral joints |
| sprain | injury to ligaments surrounding a joint due to twisting or wrenching |
| strain | injury to muscle or tendons due to overstretching or overextension |
| osteoarthritis | degenerative joint disease found in overused joints; loose cartilage may cause crepitation (popping) |
| lyme disease | deer ticks cause acute inflammatory infection; characterized by circular "bull's eye" rash |
| ganglion | cystic tumor of the tendon, often on back of wrist |
| gout | acute arthritis characterized by inflammation of the big toe; caused by uric acid buildup |
| dislocation | displacement of bone from its normal place in a joint |
| subluxation | partial dislocation |
| bunion (hallux valgus) | abnormal enlargement of base of big toe |
| anklyosing spondylitis | arthritis affecting spinal column, results in deformities of the spine; accompanied by arthralagia |
| adhesive capsulitis | "frozen shoulder;" condition characterized by stiffness, limited movement, and pain. Could be caused by trauma, osteoarthritis, or who-know-what |
| herniated disc | "ruptured disk; slipped disk" - rupture of the center of the disk into the spinal canal, causeing pressure on spinal nerves |
| systematic lupus erythematosus | Chronic, systemic, inflammatory connective tissue disease affecting skin, joints, nervous system, kidneys, lungs, and other organs; characterized by "butterfly rash" across cheeks and nose |
| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint with a needle to withdraw fluid for analysis |
| arthrogram | x-ray of a joint injected with contrast medium |
| arthroplasty | surgical repair of a joint |
| arthroscopy | visualization of the interior of a joint |
| rheumatoid factor | test measuring the presence of unusal antibodies that develop connective tissue diseases like rheumatoid arthritis |
| erythrocyte sed rate | blood test to measure how quickly red blood cells settle to the bottom of unclotted blood |
| electromyography | recording strength of a muscle contraction when stimulated by an electrical current |
| muscular dystrophy | progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscle; genetically transmitted, no involvement of nerves, onset early in life |
| polymyositis | chronic, progressive disase affecting striated muscles, characterized by weakness/atrophy of arms and hips |
| muscle biopsy | extraction of muscle tissue sample through needle or incision in order to examine microscopically |
