| A | B |
|---|
| pyramids were built to serve as | tombs for the dead kings |
| city and the land surrounding it | city-state |
| Sumerian temple; step pyramid | ziggurat |
| government ran by spiritual leaders; the high priest | theocracy |
| sharing of ideas with others | cultural diffusion |
| first epic poem ever written | Gilgamesh |
| oldest writing system | cuneiform |
| he united all city-states into the first empire | Sargon I |
| Sargon I is from which empire | Akkad |
| this empire elected their Kings and was led by | Elba |
| he started the first law code | Hammurabi |
| Sumerian inventions | metal plow, wagon wheel, potters wheel |
| Hammurabi's code was based on | an eye for an eye; tooth for a tooth |
| united the 2 kingdoms of Egypt | Ahmose |
| first capitol of Egypt | Memphis |
| group of government officials headed by the Vizier | bureaucracy |
| first pyramids | Giza |
| the sun god | Re (Ra) |
| means to worship many gods | polytheism |
| kingdom in which the Hyksos invaded | middle |
| process in which the dead were preserved | mummified |
| kingdom in which the pyramids were built | old |
| second capital of Egypt | Thebes |
| title of Egyptian kings | pharoahs |
| river Egyptians settled around | Nile |
| kingdom in which pharoahs ruled | new |
| pharoah that tried to make Egypt monotheistic; married to Nefertiti | Amenhotep IV |
| female pharoah | Queen Hatshepsut |
| a group of territories under one ruler | empire |
| rules for 67 years | Ramses (the Great) |
| consisted of farmers | lowest class |
| free laborers; not a class at all | farmers |
| God of the Underworld | Osivis |
| Egyptian form of writing | hieroglyphics |
| followed to give commoners an afterlife | Book of the Dead |
| rivers that Mesopotamia was located along | Tigris and Euphrates |
| Sumer was divided into 12 of these | city-states |
| civilizations that settled in Mesopotamia | Sumeria, Akkad, and Elba |
| Sumerians were | polytheistic |
| Hammurabi's greatest achievements | law codes |
| river that Indians settled around | Indus |
| mountain ranges that kept India isolated | Hindu Kush and Himalayas |
| main civilization in ancient India | Harrapan |
| season winds that bring dry winds or rain | monsoons |
| crops that were grown in the Indus River Valley | wheat, barley, rice and cotton |
| system of writing used by the Harappans | pictograms |
| major river that the Chinese settled around | Huang He |
| factors that kept the ancient Chinese isolated | geography and dynasties |
| group of mountains that isolate China and India | Himalayas |
| ways the Chinese adapted to being isolated | became great seafarers and focused on agriculture |
| Huang He is called yellow because of the yellow soil called this | loess |
| the Chinese were ruled by these | dynasties |
| the most powerful Chinese dynasty | Shang |
| idea that Chinese rulers got their power from heaven | Mandate of heaven |
| early Chinese civilization | Huang He Civilization |
| Indian civilization | Indus/Harrapan Civilization |
| Mesopotamian civilization | Tigris and Euphrates Civilization |
| Egyptian civilization | Nile Civilization |
| 2700 B.C. to 2200 B.C. | Old Kingdom |
| started 1600 B.C. | New Kingdom |
| 2200 B.C to 1800 B.C. | Middle Kingdom |
| had bronze weapons and horse-drawn chariots during the middle kingdom | Hyksos |
| pharoah | means "great house of the king" |
| bones used to bring good thinks and predict the future | oracles |
| Shang | the dynasty which believed in nature and ancestors |
| Huang He | the oldest continous civilization in the world |
| means the "land between the rivers" | Mesopotamia |
| Egyptians founded this in 1799 AD | Rosetta Stone |
