| A | B |
|---|
| study of genes | genetics |
| different forms of the same gene | alleles |
| a weaker allele that can be hidden | recessive |
| a stronger allele that cannot be hidden | dominant |
| the gene combination of an organism | genotype |
| an organism that has two alleles that are the same | homozygous |
| an organism that has two alleles that are different | heterozygous |
| the appearance of an organism resulting from its genotype | phenotype |
| a location on a chromosome that determines a trait | gene |
| a trait that is controlled by more than 2 alleles | multiple alleles |
| the chromosome combination for a female | XX |
| the chromosome combination for a male | XY |
| cell division that produces 2 new cells identical to the parent cell | mitosis |
| cell division that produces eggs & sperm | meiosis |
| the part of a cell that is made of DNA | chromosome |
| the number of chromosomes in a human egg or sperm | 23 |
| the phase of meiosis in which crossing over occurs | prophaseI |
| A cross involving two different traits | dihybrid |
| a cross involving one trait | monohybrid |
| results when a male gamete fuses with a female gamete | zygote |
| the process of uniting the male and female gametes | fertilization |
| cells containing two alleles for each trait | diploid |
| cells containing only 1 allele for each trait | haploid |
| paired chromosomes containing the same genes | homologous |
| the number of chromosomes in a normal human cell | 46 |
| The law that states "the way in which a chromosome pair separates doesn't affect the way other pairs separate | Law of Independent Assortment |
| Crossing a dominant organism with unknown genotype with a recessive organism in order to determine genotype of the unknown | test cross |
