| A | B |
|---|
| actual yield | the amount of product that forms when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory |
| atom | the smallest part of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. |
| Atomic mass | the weighted average of the masses of the isotopes of an element. |
| Avogardo’s number | the number of representative particles contained in one mole of a substance (equal to 6.02x10^23 particles) |
| Balanced Equation | a chemical equation in which each side of the equation of has the same number of atoms of each element. |
| Chemical equation | an expression representing a chemical reaction; the formulas of the reactant (on the left) are connected by an arrow with the formulas for the products on the right. |
| Chemical Reaction | a change in which one or more reactants change into one or more products. |
| Compound | a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion |
| Constant Mass | 2 consecutive mass reading that are with 0.01g of each other |
| Dimensional Analysis | a technique of problemsolving that uses the units that are part of a measurement to help solve the problem. |
| Evaporating Dish | an object used to hold substances as they evaporate during an experiment. |
| Empirical formula | a formula with the lowest whole number ratio of elements in a compound. |
| Excess | the leftover amount of a substance after a reaction. |
| Experimental yield | the amount of product that forms when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory |
| Formula Unit | the lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound. |
| Gram Formula Mass | Gram formula mass is the mass of the chemical compound in grams. |
| Gram molecular mass | The mass in grams of one mole of a molecular substance. |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | In a chemical or phyiscal change, mass can neither can be created nor destroyed |
| Mass | a measure of the amount of matter that an object contains. |
| mass-mass calculation | conversion of the mass of the given substance into mass of the desired substance using a mole ratio |
| Molar mass | a term used to refer to the mass of a mole of any substance. |
| Molar volume at STP | 22.4 L |
| Mole | the amount of a substance that contains 6.02x10^23 representative particles of a substance. |
| Mole ratio | a conversion factor derived from the coefficients of a balanced chemical equation interpreted in terms of moles |
| Molecular mass | The molecular mass of a substance is the mass of one molecule of that substance |
| Molecule | a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds, made up of 2 or more nonmetals |
| Percent Composition | the percent by mass of each element in a compound. |
| Percent yield | the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction. |
| Product | a substance produced in a chemical reaction. |
| Reactant | a substance present at the start of a reaction. |
| Representative particles | the smallest unit into which a substance can be broken down without a change in composition, usually atoms, molecules or ions. |
| Significant figure | all the digits that can be known precisely in a measurement plus a last estimated digit. |
| Skeleton equation | a chemical equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products. |
| STP | 0 degrees C; 101.3 kPa |
| Theoretical yield | The maximum amount of product that should form from a given amount of reactant |
| Volume | a measure of space provided by a sample of matter. |
