| A | B |
|---|
| transcription occurs here | nucleus |
| replication occurs here | nucleus |
| replication involves this | making an exact copy of DNA helix |
| transcription involves this | copying DNA onto mRNA |
| this molecule leaves the nucleus | mRNA |
| this enzyme splits the bond between N bases in DNA | DNA helicase |
| these bonds form between amino acids | peptide bonds |
| this molecule carries amino acids to the mRNA | tRNA |
| this molecule helps build ribosome so mRNA can bind | rRNA |
| bases found on DNA | ATGC |
| bases found on RNA | AUGC |
| three letter base code found in mRNA | codon |
| three letter base code found in tRNA | anticodon |
| a chain of amino acids | protein |
| stop codon | UGA, UAG, or UAA |
| start codon | AUG |
| these cut DNA into fragments for gel electrophoresis | restriction enzymes |
| these pair up in a DNA molecule | nitrogen bases |
| this is formed in transcription | mRNA |
| this involves tRNA bringing the amino acid to mRNA | translation |
| these cause changes in DNA | mutagens |
| sugar found in DNA | deoxyribose |
| number of possible codon combinations | 64 |
| number of amino acids coded for by DNA | 20 |
| insertions and deletions cause this | frameshift mutation |
| substitutions cause this | point mutation |
| holds complementary bases together | hydrogen bonds |
| structure of DNA molecule | double helix |
| direction of creation of new DNA strand | 5' to 3' |
| strand that is made one nucleotide at a time | leading |
| strand that is made in segments | lagging strand |
| fragments that are later connected to parent strand | okazaki fragments |
| permanent change in DNA | mutation |
| mutations not passed on to future generations | body cell mutations |
| if DNA strand is AATGTCG, what is mRNA | UUACAGC |
| if DNA is TTAGCA, what is tRNA? | UUAGCA |
| involves manipulation of DNA by scientists | genetic engineering |
| used to separate DNA fragments by size and charge | gel electrophoresis |
| DNA molecule containing DNA from different sources | recombinant DNA |
| nitrogenous base pairs in DNA | A-T, G-C |
| where translation occurs | ribosome |
| causes amino acids to stop adding to chain | stop codon |
| causes protein production to begin | start codon |
