| A | B |
|---|
| Glacial U-Shaped Valley | valley eroded by a glacier |
| Hanging Valley | tributary valley that enters a glacial trough at a considerable height above its floor |
| Cirque | ampitheater-shaped basin at the head of a glaciated valley produced by frost wedging and plucking |
| Arete | narrow, knife-like ridge separating two adjacent glaciated valleys |
| Horn | pyramid-like peak formed by glacial action in 3 or more cirques surrounding a mt summit |
| Fiord | steep-sided inlet of the sea formed when a glacial trough was partially submerged |
| Lateral Moraine | ridge of till along sides of an alpine glacier composed primarily of debris that fell to the glacier from valley walls |
| Zone of Accumulation | Area of glacier that gains ice and snow. The ice and snow accumulates because more snow falls in winter than can melt in summer. |
| Glacier | a moving mass of snow that has compacted into ice and is moving downhill |
| Kame | steep-sided hill composed of sand and gravel originating when sediment collected in openings in stagnant glacial ice |
| Medial Moraine | ridge or till formed when lateral moraines from 2 alpine glaciers join |
| Terminal Moraine | end moraine marking farthest advancement of glacier |
| Recessional Moraine | end moraine formed as the ice front stagnated during glacial retreat |
| Ground Moraine | undulating layer of till deposited as glacier retreats |
| Outwash Plains | relatively flat, gently sloping plain consisting of materials deposited by meltwater streams in front of the margin of an ice sheet |
| Esker | sinuous ridge composed mostly of sand and gravel deposited by a stream flowing in a tunnel under a glacier near its end |
| Basal Sliding | Movement of glaciers that occurs when water and sediments are present at the base of the glacier. The water lets the glaciers move over the layers of rock beneath it. |
| Plastic Flow | Movement that occus within the glacier and results from internal pressure. The weight of ice in the glacier causes ice crystals to slide agains one another and this sliding causes the ice to bend and flow |
| Abrasion | a type of erosion caused when windblown or waterborne sand grains strike other sand grains and rocks, breaking off small fragments |
| Deflation | erosion caused by wind as it wears away sediments such as clay, silk, and sand |
| Zone of Ablation | Part of a glacier that loses snow and ice. The loss usually occurs from melting and evaporation. |
| Zone of Wastage | Part of a glacier that loses snow and ice. The loss usually occurs from melting and evaporation. |
| Calving | Process of large chunks of a glacier breaking off after part of a glacier ends up in water. Icebergs are the result. |
| Ice Sheets | Another name for Continental Glaciers |
| Drumlins | spoon shaped hills formed by glaciers, scientists are not sure how they formed |
| Rock Flour | Finely ground powder of rocks that is deposited by meltwater and gives the meltwater the look of milk |
| Kettle | Bowl-shaped holes that form when huge masses of ice are buried in outwash sediments. The ice melts, and the holes remain. |
| Kettle Lakes | Kettles fill with water to form these. |
| Plucking | a type of glacial erosion in which rock fragments from sand size to boulders are broken off and carried by the glacier |
| Crevasses | cracks or fractures in ice |
| Valley Glacier | the most common type of glacier, occuring in mountain valleys where the average temp allows snow to accumulate faster than it can melt |
| Striations | long, parallel scars in rocks, caused by rock fragments being dragged across hem, often by a glacier |
| Scouring | small pieces or rock erode other rock |
| Till | a mixture of boulders, sand, silk, and clay left by a melting glacier |
| Striatified Drift | sorted sediment |
| Erratics | large boulders |
| Ice Age | a period of time when ice and snow cover much of Earth's surface |
| Loess | a thick deposit of very fine, wind-eroded sediments |
| Barchan Dune | solitary dunes shaped like crescents with their tip pointing downwind |
| Transverse Dune | series of long ridges oriented at right angles to the prevailing wind |
| Longitudinal Dune | long ridges that are more or less parallel to the prevailing wind |
| Continental Glaciers | a type of glacier in Earth's polar regions that covers a vast area; existing now only in Greenland and Antarctica |
| Parabolic Dune | wimilar in shape to Barchan Dunes except that their tips point to the wind |
| Star Dunes | isolated hills of sand that exhibit a complex form |
| Wash | U.S. |
| Arroyo | U.S. |
| Wadi | North Africa |
| Donga | South America |
| Nullah | India |
| Slip Face | the leeward slope of a dune |
| Cross Beds | sloping layers of sand in the dune |
