| A | B |
|---|
| androgyny | blending of masculine and feminine attributes |
| feminism | an ideology aimed at elimination patriarchy in support of equality between sexs |
| femininity | attributes traditionally associated with appropriate behavior for female. |
| gender identity | acknowledging one's sex + internalizing the norms, values, behaviors of that accompany gender expectations |
| matriarchy | system inwhich women dominate men politically, economically and socially |
| patriarchy | system inwhich males dominate females in most spheres of life |
| gender roles | social and cultural expectations associated w/ a sex |
| sexism | ideology that ones sex is inherently superior or inferior to the others |
| colonialism | an economic and political system in which powerful nations dominate and exploit weaker ones in trade and other relations |
| dependency theory | maintains that rich industrialized nations keep poor countries from advancing through various dependency relationships |
| global stratification system | nations are ranked in a hierarchy on the basis of their access to the world's wealth, power, and prestige |
| modernization theory | recognizes global development as a process in which advanced industrial nations and technology help poor nations advance |
| transitional corporations | corporations that own companies and search for profits all over the globe |
| world system theory | maintains that all nations are part of a worldwide division of labor |
| conformity | adherence to social norms |
| crime | any act that violates a criminal law |
| deviance | violation of social norm |
| medical model | views deviance as analogous to illness |
| primary deviance | is when an individual violates a norm and is viewed as deviant but rejects the deviant label and maintains a conformist conception of herself or himself |
| secondary deviance | the internalization of a deviant label and the assumption of a deviant role |
| social control | the mechanisms people use to enforce prevailing social norms |
| social pathology | a problem that potentially threatens the survival of society |
| stigma | any characteristic that sets people apart and discredits or disqualifies them from full social acceptance and participation |
| caste system | ranking is hereditary and permanent, and marriage between members of different categories is prohibited |
| class system | the economic factor and achieved statuses are principal means of ranking |
| culture of poverty | a set of norms, beliefs, values, and attitudes that trap a small number of the urban poor in a permanent cycle of poverty |
| estate system | a social hierarchy centered on the monopoly of power and ownership of land by a group of religious and political elites |
| feminization of poverty | women and girls constitute a disproportionate share of the poor |
| life chances | opportunities for securing such things as health, education, astronomy, leisure, and longlife |
| social differentiation | a process in which people are set apart for differential treatment by virtue of their statuses, roles, and other social characteristics |
| social inequality | a condition in which people have unequal access to wealth, power, and prestige |
| social stratification | a form of inequality in which categories of people are systematically ranked in a hierarchy on the basis of their access to scarce but valued resources |
| structural mobility | large-scale changes in occupational,educational, and corporate social structures that enable people to move up or down in the stratification system |
