| A | B |
|---|
| coevolution | back-and-forth evolutionary adjustments between interacting members of an ecosystem |
| parasitism | one organism feeds on and/or lives on another |
| secondary sompounds | defensive chemicals that plants contain |
| competition | when to species use the same resource |
| mutualism | type of symbiosis where both participating species benefit |
| symbiosis | two or more species live together in a close long term association |
| commensalism | typr of symbiosis where one species benefits and the other is neither harmed or helped |
| niche | the fuctional role of a particular species in an ecosystem |
| fundamental niche | the entire range of conditions a species can tolerate |
| realized niche | part of fundamental niche that a species actually occupies |
| character displacement | the increased difference when species are living together |
| competitive exclusion | local elimination of one competing species |
| principle of competitive exclusion | if two species are competing, the species who uses the resource more efficiently will eventually eliminate the other |
| rain-shadow effect | the phenomenon that leeward sides of mountains are much drier than the windward sides |
| plankton | diverse biological community found drifting in the upper waters |
| heterotrophic organisms | nonphotosynthetic organisms |
| biome | major terrestrial community that is found in different areas with similar climates |
| predation | occurs when one organism feeds on anotherq |
| first marine environment | the shallow waters along the coasts of continents |
| second marine environment | the surface of the open sea |
| third marine environment | the depths of the open ocean |
| freshwater habitats | lakes, ponds, rivers |
| saltwater hapitats | oceans, seas |
| Savannas | dry tropical grasslands |
| Taiga | great coniferous forests of the north |
| Temperate Deciduous Forests | rich hardwood forests |
