| A | B |
|---|
| The Family | the “fortress” against misery and a source of power |
| Prestige | impress one another; no matter how menial the task |
| Machismo | “manliness”- virility, honor, dignity, generosity; the “patron” wielder of power |
| Marianismo | “womaness”- spirituality, motherhood, morality, sensuality |
| Leasure and Time | “Salud, amor, y pesetas…y el tiempo para gozarlos”; leisure as a goal; work a necessary evil; the real “power” lunch break |
| Politics | authoritarian; old divide between creoles and mestizos and natives |
| Central America: Wealthiest | Costa Rica, Belize, and Panama |
| Central America: Poorest | Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua |
| natives identify with | their tribe |
| Lots of _ between poor (Indians) and wealthy (Spanish) | distrust |
| Latinos are usually mestizos or | Indians that have adopted “white” culture |
| Indians are usually the _ of society | poorest segment |
| Decades of civil war and conflict have left many nations with lots of | easily accessible weapons |
| Urban violence | is increasing as cities become more overcrowded |
| Most nations are growing in population, putting | pressure on natural resources and land usage |
| Poverty is causing more poor | to immigrate to other nations |
| Expatriate money | from USA is very important |
| Civil wars and regional conflicts | caused many people to become refugees in neighboring countries |
| The Caribbean: Key Nations | Cuba, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados |
| The Caribbean: Wealthiest | T&T, Barbados, Virgin Isl., Bahamas, Puerto Rico |
| The Caribbean: Poorest | Haiti, Dom. Rep., Guadalupe, Cuba, Jamaica |
| West Indian | refers to Afro-English, Dutch, French islands, NOT Spanish ones |
| CARICOM | a regional free trade community |
| Racial tensions | between whites, blacks large East Indian and Chinese communities (Jamaica, Barbados and Trinidad |
| brain drain | Money sent back is a key part of many families’ incomes, but many of the “best and the brightest” do not return |
| Many islands are dependent on | tourism money |
| Many islands, however, are under | huge environmental challenges. |
| Soca | Trinidad |
| Calypso | Barbados, Jamaica, Trinidad |
| Reggae | Jamaica |
| Steel Pan | Trinidad |
| Limbo | Trinidad |
| Mambo | Cuba |
| Rumba | Dom. Rep |
| Salsa | PR |
| Merengue | DR |
| Most popular pastime in the Spanish speaking islands | baseball |
| South America: Wealthiest | Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay |
| South America: Poorest | Bolivia, Ecuador |
| many natural disasters; earthquakes, mudslides, drought, tidal waves, volcanoes, and landslides make | economic and agricultural activity a risky business |
| Rivalry between North (poorer) and South (wealthier) | caused regional and national cooperation to be difficult at times |
| African descendants | live in Guyana (British) and Suriname (Dutch) (culturally more like the Caribbean) |
| Italians | Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay in the early 20th century; many Germans to as well |
| millions of poor, rural people have moved to the urban cities | Creating a huge problem with villa miseria barrios |
| Many nations _ from Spanish colonization and Wars of Independence from 1810 to 1830 | share a common history |
| Common national heroes | Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin |
| unlike the USA, South American never | developed a sense of continental unity |
| Mexico has eclipsed Argentina as the _ behind Brazil | second great “regional” power |
| Venezuela | oil resources |
| Patrias Chicas | little countries” have hindered national integration |
| Mexican Land | Only 10-15% of land is arable |
| Largest city in Western hemisphere | Mexico City |
| Mestizo | 60% of mexico |
| telenovelas | “soaps” are the most popular in mexico |
| illegal immigrants | Send $25 bil. back to Mexico a year |
| Maquiladores | NAFTA created assembly plants; with US companies wanting low wages and docile employees |
| Mayan Indians | Chiapas State revolt; issues still unresolved |
| Mexican Revolution of 1910-1917 | failed to create a more equal society, but did improve things for the middle class |
| The PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party) | the dominant political party, running the government from 1929-200 |
| The Institutional Revolutionary Party | Led to a lot of corruption |
| Too many Mexican subsistence farmers | can’t compete with big farms (like USA) |
| NAFTA helped wealthy and middle class | poor not so much |
| largest population (185 mil.) and economy (1.5 trl.) | Brazil is the giant of the Latin world |
| Brazil has become _ and overall society as well | a more stable democracy |
| The military dictatorship left power in 1985, ever since Brazil has | slowly made progress economically and politically |
| 44 hr. work week, day care centers (under 6), paid vacations, maternity leave, and other workers rights have been implemented | Progress in Brazil |
| in Brazil 20% of women use birth control, but | second highest number of sterilizations |
| Women in Brazil are | victim to high abuse rates (70% go unreported) |
| 18% of Brazilian children between 10-14 work | full time |
| Brazil burns down | rain forest every year at increasing rates (size of Kansas) |
| Brazil is a member of | MERCOSUR (trade bloc with southern SA nations) |
| Brazil's most important trade partners are | Europe and China |
| Brazil sends mainly | raw materials (wood, metals, food) |
