| A | B |
|---|
| cold working | Deforming a metal plastically at a temperature below its lowest recrystallization temperature |
| die casting | Casting metal into a mold by using pressure instead of gravity or centrifigal force |
| forging | A method of metal working in which the metal is hammered into the desired shape, or is forced into a mold by pressure or hammering, usually after being heated to a plastic state |
| bright annealing | The softening process for ductile metals that have been work-hardened, during which metal is enclosed in a container with inert gas to avoid scaling and then heated to its recrystallizing temperature |
| residual stresses | Stresses induced within the structure of a metal by cold working, machining, and heat treatments and remaining in the metal after the treatment is complete |
| brittleness | The property of materials not to deform under load but to break |
| compaction | The process of making a solid shape in a die by using punches to press together loose powder or a blend of powders |
| sintering | A process of fusing metal powders into a solid piece by applying heat sufficient to bond, but not melt the particles |
| feed rate | The distance that a cutting tools in either one revolution or in one minute in a machining operation |
| shaper | A machine tool that utilizes reciprocating motion of the cutting tool rather than the more common rotary motion to make repeated machining cuts |
| honing | A finishing process that utilizes a rotating & oscillating abrasive tool |
| electrolyte | A nonmetallic conductor, usually a fluid, in which the electric current is carried by the movement of ions |
| plasma | An ionized gas of extremely high temperature achieved by passing an inert gas through an electric arc |
| shield gas | Usually an inert gas used to displace air from around a weld zone, thus keeping the weld uncontaminated |
| metallic | This type of bonding provides free electrons for electricaland thermal conductivity and permits plastic deformation |
| metals | Those materials that occupy the left side |
| valence | The capacity of an atom to combine with other atoms to form a molecule |
| ductility | The property of a material that allows it fail permanently, or to exhibit plasticity without rupture while under tension |
| hardness | The property of a metal that allows it to resist being permanently deformed |
| ferrous | Describes an alloy containing a significant amount of iron |
| ferrite | A magnetic form of iron characterized by a body centered cubic crystal structure |
| annealing | The heating of metal to soften it or reduce its strength |
| covalent | This type of bonding shares its electrons to form other molecules |
| recrystallization | A process in which the distorted grain structure of metals that are subjected to mechanical deformation is replaced by a new strain-free grain structure during annealing |
| ore | A mineral or minerals typically dug from the earth, from which some material usually a metal can be profitably mined and extracted |
| plain carbon steel | An alooy of iron and less than 2% carbon plus some impurities and small amounts of alloying elements |
| wrought iron | Contains 1 to 2% slag, which is distributed through the iron as threads and fibers imparting a tough fibrous structure. Usually contains less than .1% carbon. It is tough, malleable, and relatively soft. |
| petrochemicals | Substances or materials manufactured from a component of crude oil or natural gas |
| polymer | A compound or compounds, usually hydrocarbons which have been polymerized to form a long chain of repeating unit structures |
| thermoplastics | A category of plastics capable of softening or fusing when heated and of hardening again when cooled |
| polyamides | The family of polymers better known as nylon which are important because of their widespread applications in industry |
| tool steel | A special group of steels that is designed for specific uses such as heat-resistant steels that can be heat treated to produce certain properties mainly hardness and wear resistance |
| stainless steel | An alloy of iron containing at least 11% chromium and sometimes nickel that resist many forms of rustling and corrosion |
| cast iron | Iron containing 2 to 4.5% carbon, sillicon and other trace elements |
| detail drawing | One of the two major types of production drawings showing an individual part |
| tolerance | The amount of size variation permitted for the size, form, or position of a feature included in a manufacturing drawing |
| rule of ten | A general rule that is commonly followed |
| casting | A process of producing a metal object by pouring molten metal into a mold |
| draft | In foundry termilnolgy, the taper or releief angle put on the sides of a pattern to enable it to be withdrawn from the molding material |
| creep | Slow plastic deformation in steel and most structural metals caused by prolonged stress under yield point at elevated temperatures |
