| A | B |
|---|
| Selective Breeding | a method of improving a species by allowing only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
| Hybridization | the breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms |
| Inbreeding | the continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics |
| Polyploid | having many sets of chromosomes |
| Genetic Engineering | the process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms |
| Restriction Enzyme | the enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides |
| Gel Electrophoresis | the procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel |
| Recombinant DNA | DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources |
| Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | the technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a perticular gene |
| Plasmid | the circular DNA molecule found in bacteria |
| Genetic Marker | the gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry a plasmid with foreign DNA from those that don't |
| Transgenic | a term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms |
| Clone | a member of a population of genetically identical organisms produced from a single cell |
