| A | B |
|---|
| Sicily | island located SW of Italy |
| Apennines | Mountain Range that runs through Italy |
| Latium | is the central plain Rome was built on |
| Tiber River | was the river Rome was built next to |
| Etruria | located north of Rome where the Etruscans lived |
| Romulus and Remus | Roman legends of twin brothers who built Rome |
| Aeneas | Trojan hero in Virgil's epic poem who helped Latins build Rome |
| Latins | first people to settle in Rome |
| Etruscans | warrior-like group that live north of Rome |
| Tarquins | Etruscan family that was overthrew because of their harsh rule |
| republic | form of government leaders are voted in by citizens |
| legion | Romans solidiers fighting in smaller groups |
| Carthage | founded by the Phoenicians fought Rome in the Punic Wars |
| Cannae | battle the Hannibal won against Rome |
| Zama | was the battle Sipio won for Rome to defeat Carthage and Hannibal |
| Cincinnatus | best known Roman dictator who gave up his power within 15 to 16 days |
| Hannibal | great general for Carthage during 2nd Punic War |
| Scipio | Roman general during the 2nd Punic War |
| patrician | wealthy landowners |
| plebeian | artisians, shopkeepers, and small land farmers |
| consul | Romans official who ran the army and government |
| veto | reject |
| praetor | interpreted laws and acted as a judge |
| dictator | Roman office given to somebody temporarily. |
| Rubicon | small river in Italy |
| Actium | battle where Octavian crushed Antony and Cleopatra |
| Julius Caesar | successful military leader who was killed for fear he would make himself king |
| Octavian | Caesar's grandnephew who inherited Caesar's wealth |
| Antony | one of Caesar's top generals |
| Cicero | Rome's greatest public speaker, great political leader and writer |
| Augustus | means "the revered or majestic one." |
| latifundia | large farming estates |
| triumvirate | political alliance of three people |
| Rhine River | Rome's N Europe boundary |
| Danube River | Rome's N Europe boundary |
| Puteoli | one of the largest Roman port cities on the Bay of Naples |
| Ostia | one of Rome largest port cities locaated at the mouth of the Tiber River |
| Caligula | cruel emperor who abolished sales tax, allowed exiled people to return, increased court's power |
| Nero | cruel emperor, who contructed new buildings, gave slave right to file complaints, assisted cities who suffered diasters |
| Hadrian | good emperor who made Roman law easier to understand |
| Pax Romana | 200 years of "Roman Peace." |
| aqueduct | human-made channel for carrying water long distances |
| currency | system of money |
