| A | B |
| political bosses | controlled elections with bribes |
| political machines | organization such as Tammany Hall |
| progressives | worked to improve society |
| muckrakers | Ida Tarbell, Jacob Riis, Upton Sinclair |
| primary | run off election to select candidates |
| 17th Amendment | vote directly for U.S. Senators |
| recall | way to remove elected official from office |
| initiative | voters can propose new laws |
| referendum | government sends legislation to the voters to vote on directly |
| Wisconsin Idea | program of reforms, model for other states |
| Civil Service Act | people got job because of ability |
| capitalism | private ownership runs industries |
| socialism | government owns and operates means of production |
| 18th Amendment | outlawed making and selling of alcohol |
| arbitration | meeting to discuss and settle disputes |
| Pure Food & Drug Act | prohibited sale of contaminated food and drugs |
| conservation | effort to preserve nature |
| 16th Amendment | gave government right to collect taxes |
| Federal Reserve Act | created banking system, helped regulate the economy |
| Federal Trade Commission | investigates corportations and can issue orders to stop unfair practices |
| Clayton Antitrust Act | strengthened laws against monopolies |