| A | B |
|---|
| electron affinity | the energy that accompanies the addition of a electron to a gaseous atom. Most elements release energy when they gain electrons. Halgons have greatest ea. |
| electronegativity | tendency of an atom to attract electrons when it is chemically combined with another element. |
| pauling electronegativity scale | arbitrary scale which gives electronegativity units to each element. |
| Periodic Trends/electronegativity | electronegativity increases. nonmentals have higher electronegativity than metals. Reason: moving closer to octet. |
| Period/IonicMetal | have low ionization energy level (does not take much energy to remove their electrons (cations) |
| Period/IonicNonMetal | higher ionization energy level (anions) |
| Family/Ionic | both + and - ions increase as you move down a family b/c quantum #'s increase |
| Ionization energy | energy needed to remove an electron grom a gaseous atom. |
| 1stIonization energy | amount of energy needed to remove the most loosely held electron in a gaseous state |
| Ionization/Group | ionization energy decreases |
| Ionization/Period | as you move across (L to R) ion. energy increases. nuclear charge increases by one. tighter hold on electrons. |
| Mendeleev | arranged according to atomic mass |
| Moseley | arranged according to atomic number |
| covalent atomic radium | used to measure the relative size of atoms. It is 1/2 distance b/w the nuclei of 2 atoms in a homonuclear diatomic molecule |
| valence electrons | number of electrons in the outer energy level (same as family number) |
