| A | B |
|---|
| Aerobic | Oxygen containing |
| Anaerobic | Oxygen lacking |
| Cellular Respiration | process in which Oxygen is supplied to our cells and carbon dioxide is removed. Mitochondria in the muscle cells use the O2 in cellular respiration, harvesting energy form sugar and other organic molecules. Harvesting energy is the fundamental function of cellular respiration. |
| Redox Reaction | The movement of electrons from one molecule to another . |
| Oxidation | Loss of electrons form one substace |
| Reduction | Addition of electrons to another substance |
| Dehydrogenase | A enzyme that is an organic molecule that cells make from a vitamin and ust to shuttle eletrons in redox reactions. |
| NAD+ | Coenzyme to Dehydrogenase |
| Electron carrier | The electron transfer is a redox reaction. NADh delivers load to Electron Carrier. |
| Electron transport Chains | Ordered groups of molecules that are embedded in membranes in the eukaryotic cells mitochondrian. As electrons pass along the chains, they gradually lose energy, which the cell can us to make ATP. |
| chemiosmosis | How cells use the potential energy in concentration gradients to make ATP |
| ATP synthases | Synthesize ATP using the energy stored in concentration gradients of H+ ions across membranes. |
| Substrate-level phosphorylation | An Enzyme transgers a phosphate group from an organic substrate molecule to ADP. |
| Glycolysis | Occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell. Begins respriation by breaking glucose into two molecules of a compound. |
| Krebs cycle | Takes place in the mitochondrian. Finishes the breakdown of glucose by decomposing a derivative of pyruvis acid to carbon dioxide. |
| Intermediates | Compounds that form between the intial reactant and the final product. |
| Alcholic fermentation | The production of ethanol form glucose . |
| lactic Acid fermentation | Produced when NADH from glycolysis is oxidized. the ATp yield is the same as in alcholic fermentation. |
| Strict Anaerobes | Require anaerobic conditons and are poisoned by oxygen. |
| Facultative anaerobe | Makes ATP either by fermantaion or by chemicosmosis. |
