| A | B |
|---|
| World War I | Altered the course of the 20th century- the rise of Nazi Germany, the Russian Revolution, World War II, etc. |
| Nationalism, colonial and naval rivalries, militarism, a system of alliances, no fears of a long war | A very volatile situation that made World War I very likely |
| Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Austria goes to war with Serbia and sets the events in motion what lead to World War I |
| Growing German power in the late 1800s-early 1900s | An alliance between Russia, France, and later Britain |
| The massive scale of World War I | Dramatic increase in government power to mobilize resources, conscript soldiers, and wage modern war |
| Trench warfare and the drastic increases in military technology | Stalemate and slaughter on an unprecedented scale |
| Election of 1916 | Wilson wins a very narrow victory on "He Kept Us Out of War" |
| The U.S. being neutral but anticipating its eventual entrance into the Great War | The rise of the preparedness movement |
| The British blockade and the German U-boat offensive | The United States' neutrality was violated in a way that was similar to the period before the War of 1812 |
| The German policy of unrestricted U-boat warfare | Resulted in the sinking of the Lusitania |
| American anger at the sinking of the Lusitania | The Germans issue the Sussex Pledge |
| Closer cultural ties, greater trade with the Allies, unrestricted U-boat warfare, and the Zimmerman Telegram | Caused the U.S. to eventually side with the Allies rather than the Central Powers |
| The German proposed alliance with Mexico | Made the U.S. irate at the Zimmerman Telegram |
| Lots of immigrants from the nations of the Central Powers and a people not 100% behind the war | Necessitated the creation of the Committee on Public Information (CPI) and the passage of the Sedition and Espionage Acts |
| The wartime atmosphere of emotional patriotism and fear | Caused harsh attacks on German-Americans and other Americans who opposed the war |
| The United States fighting a modern war | Increased government control (ex: the War Industries Board, Fuel Administration, Food Administration, conscription) |
| The lessons from conscription during the Civil War | Subsittutes could not be hired and there were no draft riots |
| Factory jobs in the North and push factors in the South | The Great Migration of African-Americans from the South to Northern cities |
| The Great Migration | Race riots in the North- ex: in East St. Louis and Chicago |
| The need for agricultural workers in the Southwest and political turmoil in Mexico | Flood of Mexican immigrants |
| War's influence on gender roles | Increasing number of women factory workers and the Nineteenth Amendment |
| Entrance of the American Expeditionary Force into battle | Inexperienced at first, but eventually the fresh troops and supplies tip the scales in favor of the Allies |
| The Russian Civil War | Russia goes communist and withdraws from the war- freeing up German troops from the Eastern Front |
| The prospect of endless fresh American troops, the effects of the British blockade, weak allies, and war weariness | Germany sues for peace on 11 November 1918 |
| Wilson's idealism and confidence of his vision of the post-war world | The Fourteen Points are issued |
| Wilson's decision to personally go to Paris for the Versailles Conference and not taking Republican delegates | Embittered Republicans to Wilson's efforts at Versailles |
| The unprecedented death and destruction of World War I and the vindictive public moods of England and France | A harsh Versailles Treaty that was meant to punish the Germans |
| The harsh provisions of the Versailles Treaty and the feeling among many Germans they did not lose the war but were stabbed in the back | Made it easy for Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party to come to power in Germany |
| Hostile Republican majorities in both houses of Congress | Lead Wilson to tour the U.S. in his "solemn referendum" to drum up support for the Versailles Treaty |
| Wilson's absolute commitment to the League of Nations | Forced Wilson to compromise to the other members of the Big 3 at Versailles but he was unwilling to compromise with Republican Senators |
| Germany’s sinking of the Lusitania, Arabic, and Sussex | Caused President Wilson and other outraged Americans to demand an end to unrestricted submarine warfare |
| Senator Lodge’s tactics of delaying and proposing reservations in the Versailles Treaty | Allowed domestic disillusionment and opposition to the treaty and League to build strength |
