| A | B |
|---|
| LAND BRIDGE | a piece of land that connects 2 cultures together |
| Example of a land bridge | Korea helped transport ideas and culture from China to Japan. |
| China's influence on Korea | Buddhist ideas, Buddhist architecture like the pagoda temples, and arts like the tea ceremony; adopted the Chinese system of writing, Chinese art styles, and everyday activities such as cooking, gardening, drinking tea & hairdressing. |
| Chinese influence on Vietnam | controlled Vietnam for 1,000 years; absorbed Chinese Buddhism |
| Geography of Japan | 4 large islands and over 3,000 smaller islands; located on the “Ring of Fire”, an area in the Pacific Ocean vulnerable to earthquakes and volcanoes; mountainous, land was difficult for farming. Most people live in river valleys and were isolated; learned to use the sea as a source of food, transportation, protection from foreign invaders |
| SHINTOISM | The traditional Japanese religion is called Shinto meaning “The Way of the Gods” |
| KAMI | spirits found in all living & non-living things |
| Why would the Japanese develop a belief in kami? | Natural disasters taught the Japanese to respect nature. They wanted to please the spirits in all the things of nature so nature would be good to them. |
| ORDER OF SOCIETY IN FEUDAL JAPAN | Emperor - no real power; SHOGUN - the REAL RULER; DAIMYO [great Lords); SAMURAI warriors; ARTISANS [craftsmen]; PEASANTS ; MERCHANTS |
| Role of WOMEN in FEUDAL JAPAN | able to rule over estates, but over time they lost status and were not well respected. As time passed inheritance only went to the son |
| Role of Emperor | Religious figure (descended from sun goddess) - no real power |
| Role of SHOGUN | "Top Gun", the Military Commander; the REAL RULER with the REAL POWER |
| Role of DAIMYO | great lords, vassals of the Shogun, received large land estates in exchange for their loyalty to the shogun |
| Role of the SAMURAI | lesser warrior lords who were given land and promised to serve the Daimyo; followed the CODE OF BUSHIDO |
| Role of the ARTISANS | skilled craftsmen, made swords for the Samurai |
| Role of the PEASANTS | farmers, 3/4 of the population provided food & labor |
| Role of MERCHANTS | had more money, but less status than peasants |
| ECONOMIC ADVANCES of Tokugawa Shogunate | New seeds, tools, techniques created more food. Thus, the population grew, towns were connected by roads and trade increased |
| CULTURAL ADVANCES of Tokugawa Shogunate | Zen Buddhism , the tea ceremony, landscape gardening; Kabuki theater and Japanese poetry called Haiku |
| 5 SIMILARITIES between EUROPEAN & JAPANESE FEUDALISM | BOTH: 1) Created order & stability; 2)·Everyone had a well defined place in society; 3) Upper class landowners had the power & wealth; 4) ·Warriors were respected and followed codes of behavior [chivalry/bushido]; 5) Peasants worked the land and served the landowners to get their protection |
| 4 DIFFERENCES between EUROPEAN FEUDALISM & JAPANESE FEUDALISM | 1) The Shogun was a military ruler/European kings were not; 2) Japanese Emperor had no real power – only religious influence/ European kings had real power; 3) Women in Japan were NOT respected/European women were respected ; 4) Catholic Church in Europe had great political power [Crusades]; Zen Buddhist Monks did not have power |
| AFRICA'S DIVERSE CLIMATES | 1) SAVANNA - grassy plains; 2) Sahara desert, largest desert in the world, extremely hot, little or no vegetation; 3) small amounts of Rainforest around its equator 4) Mediterranean climate on its northern coast [weather caused by the Mediterranean Sea] has fertile farmland |
| MANSA MUSA | Most powerful RULER of the MALI KINGDOM, expanded its borders so Mali dominated West Africa; created an efficient government based on ISLAMIC LAW and made TIMBUKTU the center of ISLAMIC learning; spread the religion of ISLAM by bringing Muslim scholars to Africa which caused cultural diffusion and trade |
| How Africa Helped Connect Global Trade | Because of the Mediterranean and Red Sea, Africa was linked to the Middle East, Europe and Asia |
| POSITIVE EFFECT of Africa's role in Global Trading | 1) CULTURAL DIFFUSION between Africa, Europe & Asia; 2) helped Africans create more art which strengthened communities |
| NEGATIVE EFFECT of Africa's role in Global Trading | people from inland Africa were seized and sold as slaves. |
