| A | B |
|---|
| Mechanical wave | A disturbance in matter that carries energy from one place to another |
| Medium | The material through which a wave travels |
| Crest | The highest point of a transverse wave |
| Trough | The lowest point of a transverse wave |
| Transverse Wave | A wave that causes a medium to vibrate at right angles to the direction in which the wave travels |
| Compression | An area of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are closer together |
| Rarefaction | An area of longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are dpread out |
| Longitudinal Wave | A wave whichthe vibration of the medium is parallel |
| Surface Wave | A wave that travels along a surfaceseprating two media |
| Periodic Motion | Any motion that repeats at regular time intervals |
| Period | A row in a periodic table of elements the time required for one complete cycle of a periodic motion |
| Frequency | The number of complete cycles per unit time for periodic motion |
| Hertz (Hz) | The unit of measure for frequency, equal to one cycle per second |
| Wavelength | The distance between a point on a wave and the same point on the next cycle of the wave |
| Amplitude | The maximum displacement of a medium from the rest position |
| Reflection | The interaction that occurs when a wave bounces off a surface that it cannot pass through |
| Refraction | the bending of a wave as it enters a new medium at an angle |
| Diffraction | The bending of a wave as it moves around an obstacle or passes through a narrow opening |
| Interference | The interaction of two or more waves that combine in a region of overlap |
| Constructive Interference | The interaction among two or more waves in whichdisplacements combine to produce a wave with a larger displacement |
| Destructive Interference | The interaction among two or more waves in which displacements combine to produce a wave with a smaller displacement |
| Standing Wave | A wave that appears to stay in one place and does not seem to move through a medium |
| Node | A point on a standing wave that has no displacement from the rest position |
| Antinode | A point of maximum displacement midway between two nodes in a standing wave |
| Sound Waves | A longitudinal wave consiting of compression and rarefactions, whhich travels through a medium |
| Intensity | The rate at which a wave's energy flows through a given unit of area |
| Decibel | A unit compares the intensities of different sounds |
| Loudness | A physical response to the intensity of sound, modified by physical factors |
| Pitch | The frequency of a sound as a listner percieves it |
| Sonar | A technique for determining the distance to an object under water |
| Doppler Effect | A change in sound frequency caused by motion of the sound source,motion of the listner, or both |
| Resonance | The response of a standing wave to another wave of te same frequency,with dramatic increase in amplitude of the standing wave |
