| A | B |
|---|
| Natural selection | animals with helpful variations survive and reproduce |
| biodiversity | The number of different species that live in the area. It is higher closer to the equator. |
| mass | The amount of matter in an object, it is measured with a balance in grams. This would not change if you went to the moon. |
| weight | This is the force of gravity pulling on an object. It would decrease if you went to the moon. It is measured using a spring scale in Newtons. |
| volume | The amount of space in an object. It is measured with a graduated cylinder in mililiters. |
| Physical Change | Ice cream melting, slicing an apple, and using crayons to color a picture are examples. |
| Chemical Change | Rust, cooking pancakes, and the leaves changing colors in the fall are examples. |
| Solid | The state of matter that has a definite volume and shape. The particles vibrate in place. |
| Liquid | The state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape. The particles can slide past each other. |
| Gas | The state of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape. The particles are very spread out and move around very fast. |
| Plasma | The most energetic state of matter. It is found on the sun. |
| Proton | Positive subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus and has a mass of 1 a.m.u |
| Neutron | Neutral subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus and has a mass of 1 a.m.u. |
| Electron | Negative subatomic particle that is found outside the nucleus and has a mass of almost 0. |
| Noble Gases | The least reactive family on the periodic table. They have 8 valence electrons. |
| Halogens | Very reactive family on the periodic table that has 7 valence electrons. |
| Compound | Two or more elements joined by a chemical bond to make a new substance. |
| Acid | A substance that turns blue litmus paper red and has a pH of less than 7. |
| Base | A substance that turns red litmus paper blue and has a pH of more than 7. |
| Reactants | The substances on the left side of a chemical equation. What you start with in a chemical reaction. |
| Products | The substances on the right side of a chemical equation. What is made during a chemical reaction. |
| electromagnet | A wire with electricity flowing through it that is wrapped around a piece of iron to produce a magnetic field. |
| poles | The magnetic field is strongest at the _______. |
| metals | Malleable and ductile elements that have luster and can conduct electricity. They are located on the elft side of the periodic table. |
