| A | B |
|---|
| Cell Membrane | The thin layer that surrounds a cell and controls the movements of materials into and out of the cell |
| Cytoplasm | The gel-like are in the cell that holds all of the parts of the cell |
| Cell Wall | Rigid structure around the cell that provides shape and support; found in the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria |
| Nucleus | The control center of the cell that contains and protects the DNA |
| Chloroplast | Green, chlorophyll-containing organelle that converts sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugar (food!) |
| Mitochondrion | The powerhouse of the cell, that breaks down sugar into energy |
| Ribosomes | Small round structures that makes the proteins, building blocks |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | It is the transport system of the cell that moves materials areound the cell |
| Golgi Bodies | This stores and packages the proteins for export out of the cell |
| Vacuoles | Storage place for water, food, and waste inside a cell; plants have one big vacoule, animals have many small ones |
| DNA | Genetic information of life that is stored in the nucleus. (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
| Organelles | The "mini organs" in a eukaryotic cell |
| Cells | Smallest unit of life; All living things are made out of cells |
| Tissue | Groups of cells that work together to do one job. (examples include muscle tissue and skin tissue) |
| Organ | A structure made of different tissues that work together. (examples include the heart, the eye, and the brain) |
| Organ System | A combination of different organs that help do related functions (examples include circulatory system and digestive system) |
| Dichotomus Key | A tool used by scientists to identify an individual species. It asks a series of questions until only one choice remains |
| Linnaeus Classification | The most common form of scientific classification, that has seven levels. The largest group is the kingdom, and the most specific group is the species |
| Binomal Nomenclature | The two-name naming system used by scientists to identify different species. The genus is capitalized, the species is lower case, the whole thing is underlined or italicized. (Genus species) |
| Kingdom | The largest group of organisms in the Linnaeus Classification system. There are six of these, including Animalia and Protista |
| Species | The most specific group of organisms in the Linnaeus Classification system. Tigers are Panther tigris and human beings are Homo sapiens. |
| Eubacteria | Prokaryotic kingdom; unicellular; and found almost everywhere, including the skin, on food, and in our stomachs |
| Archaebacteria | Prokaryotic kingdom; unicellular; and found in harsh, extreme conditions, including underwater vents and volcanoes |
| Protista | Eukaryotic kingdom; unicellular; very hard to define; usually unicellular but sometimes multi-cellular; some are autotrophic, others are heterotrophic; includes Amoeba and Euglena. |
| Fungi | Eukaryotic kingdom; heterotrophic; stationary organisms, with a cell wall. There were once thought to be in the Plantae kingdom. |
| Plantae | Eukaryotic kingdom; autotrophic with a cell wall; multi-cellular. It includes the rose, apple trees, and the giant redwood. |
| Animalia | Eukaryotic kingdom; heterotrophic with no cell wall; multi-cellular. It includes the earthworm, blue whale, and human beings |
| Autotrophic | Describes and organism that can make its own food. Plants are an example because they can convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into sugar/food |
| Heterotrophic | Describes an organism that has to eat other organisms for food. Animals are an example because they need to eat plants or other animals to survive |
| Eukaryotic | Describes a cell that has a nucleus or other organelles |
| Prokaryotic | Describes a cell that doesnt have a nucleus or other organelles |
