| A | B |
|---|
| Heredity | the passing of traits from parent to offspring. |
| Trait | a distinguishing quality that can be passed from one generation to another. |
| Genotype | the inherited combination of alleles. |
| Phenotype | an organism's inherited appearance. |
| Dominant Trait | the trait observed when at least one dominant allele for a characteristic is inherited. |
| Recessive Trait | a trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited. |
| Heterozygous | One dominant, one recessive (Hh) or two recessive (hh). |
| Homozygous | Two dominant (HH). |
| Punnett Square | a tool used to visualize all the possible combinations from alleles from parents. |
| Pedigree Chart | a diagram of family history used for tracing a trait through several generations. |
| Asexual Reproduction | reproduction in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. |
| Sexual Reproduction | reproduction in which two cells join two form a zygote; sexual reproduction produces offspring that share characteristics of both parents. |
| Evolution | the process by which populations accumulate inherited changes overtime. |
| Adaptation | a characteristic that helps an organism survive in it's evironment. |
| Natural Selection | the process by which organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce at a higher rate than organisms without the favorable trait. |
| Selective Breeding | the breeding of organisms that have a certain desire trait. |
| Genetic Engineering | the manipulation of genes that allows scientists to put genes from one organism into another organism. |
| Extinction | describes a species of organisms that has died out completely. |
