| A | B |
|---|
| Chromosomes | Long strands of DNA found in the nucleus of cells. They contain the genetic code for the cell. |
| Trait | Physical characteristics of an organism. |
| Inherited Traits | A trait that is genetically inherited, and passed down from generation to generation. |
| Learned Traits | Behavior that is taught or acquired through experience. |
| DNA | A chemical inside cells that contains hereditary information and controls how an organism will look and function by controlling which proteins a cell produces. |
| Mitosis | Cell division in which DNA in the nucleus is duplicated and the nucleus divides into 2 nuclei that contain the same genetic information. |
| Asexual Reproduction | A type of reproduction, such as budding or regeneration, in which a new organism is produced from the parts of another organism through the process of mitosis. |
| Cloning | Making copies of organisms, each of which is a clone that receives DNA from only one parent. |
| Sexual Reproduction | A type of reproduction in which a new organism is produced from the sex cells (egg and sperm) |
| Sex Cells | Specialized cells– female eggs and male sperm – that are produced by the process of meiosis, carry DNA, and join in sexual reproduction. |
| Meiosis | Process in which sex cells are formed in reproductive organs; involves two divisions of the nucleus, producing 4 sex cells, each having half the number of chromosomes of the original cell. |
| Fertilization | Process in which sperm and egg join, resulting in a new organism. |
