| A | B |
|---|
| Electric Charge | a property that causes subatomic particlessuch as protons and electronsto attract or repel one another |
| Electric Force | the attraction or replusion between electrically charged objects |
| Electric Field | a field in a region of space that exerts electric forces on charged particles; a field produced by electric charges or by changing magnetic fields |
| Static electricity | the study of the behavior of electric charges, including how charge is tranferred between objects |
| Law of conservation | law stating that the total electric charge in an isolated system is constant; electric charge is never created or destroyed |
| induction | the transfer of charge without ccontact between materials |
| electric current | a continuous flow of electric charge |
| direct current | a flow of direct charge in only one direction |
| alternating current | a flow of eletric charge that regularly reverses its direction |
| electrical insulator | a material through which charge cannot flow easily |
| resistance | the opposition to the flow of electric charges in material |
| superconductor | a material that has almost zero resistance when it is cooled to low temperatures |
| potential difference | voltage, or the difference in electrical potential energy between two places in an electrical field |
| voltage | potential difference, the difference in electrical potential between two places in an electric field |
| battery | a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy |
| Ohm's law | the relationship of voltage, current, and resistance V=IR |
| electric circuit | a complete path through which electric charge can flow |
| series circuit | an electric circuit with only one path through which charge can flow |
| parallel circuit | an electric circuit with two or more paths through which charge can flow |
| electric power | the rate which electrical energy is convertedto anotheer form of energy |
| fuse | a device that prevents overheatingdue to current load in a circuit |
| circuit breaker | a switch that opens when the current in a circuit is to high |
| grounding | the transfer of excess charge through a conduto |
| electronics | the science of using currents to transmitt |
| electronic signal | information sent as patterns in the controlled flow of electrons through a circuit |
| analog signal | a smoothly varying produce by continuously changing the voltage or current in a circuit |
| digital signal | a signal that encodes information as a string of 1's and 0's |
| semiconductor | a cyrstalline solid that conducts electric current only under certainconditions |
| diode | a solid-state component with an n-type semiconductor joined to p-type semiconductor |
| transistor | a solid-state component with three layers of semiconductor material, used to turn current on or off to increase the strength of electronic signals |
| integrated circuit | a thin slice of silicon that contains many solid-state components; microchip |
| computer | a programmable device that can store and process information |
