| A | B |
|---|
| Antidepressants | a mood elevating drug, most commonly works by enhancing effects of seratonin and nor epinephrine |
| Token Economies | built upon the principles of operant conditioning; rewards desirable behaviors |
| Aversive Therapy | incorporates fundamentals of conditioning in attempting to stop problematic behaviors |
| systematic desensitization | associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety |
| Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET or REBT) | when the therapist challenges the irrational or unjustifiable cognitions of a patient EX. Dr. Phil |
| Albert Ellis | founder of the rational-emotive therapy (RET) |
| Aaron Beck | held a cognitive view of therapy, proposed the concept of cognitive triad |
| Cognitive Triad | theory that many unhappy people have negative thoughts about themselves the world and the future |
| Carl Rogers | has a humanistic approach on therapy- most optimistic and life affirming of therapy styles |
| Unconditional Positive Regard | unshakable love and approval given without qualification |
| Free Association | during psychoanalysis a type of therapy where the patient engages by saying whatever comes to mind |
| Norepinephrine | a hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system to cause vasoconstriction and increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and the sugar level of the blood |
| Seratonin | a neurotransmitter involved in sleep and depression and memory |
| Lithium Carbonate | a salt used to treat bipolar disorder |
| Antipsychotic Drugs | A drug that has tranquilizing effects and also tends to reduce hallucinations and delusional thinking |
| Ritalin | stimulant used to treat AD/HD |
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | a type of therapy used to treat severe depression |
| Counterconditioning | pairs a trigger stimulus with a new response that is incompatible with fear; EX Mary Cover Jones "Peter Cottontail" experiment |
| Exposure therapies | treat anxieties by exposing people to things they fear |
| Aversive conditioning | associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior. |
| Example of Aversive Conditioning | often used to combat addictions such as smoking or alcoholism. One common method is the administration of a nausea-producing drug while the client is smoking or drinking so that unpleasant associations are paired with the addictive behavior |
| Virtual Reality Therapy (VRT) | used in treatment for phobias, anxiety disorders, and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). a person interacts in a computer generated world to reduce anxiety. Patients can be 'exposed' to the fearful stimuli in a way that seems real but isn't. |
| Client Centered Therapy | aka person centered therapy; therapist is non-judgmental, genuine, & empathetic |
| Biomedical model | perspective that argues many disorders are caused by neurotransmitter imbalances, difference in brain structures, and inherited traits. |
| Psychoanalysis | Sigmund Freud's BIG IDEA; views mental disorders as the product of conflicts between the id, ego, & superego; in order to protect the itself the ego represses conflicts into the unconscious |
| Lobotomy | a now rare surgical procedure that involves cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain; Used to calm emotional or violent patients |
