| A | B |
|---|
| Pedigree | A chart that shows family history of genetic traits |
| Punnett Square | A chart used to predict probability of traits of offspring |
| Gene | The code for a particular trait on a chromosome |
| Allele | One of possible forms of a gene |
| Dominant | Trait that will always be expressed if present. |
| Recessive | Trait that will not be expressed if a dominant allele is present |
| Homozygous | To have both alleles the same for a gene |
| Heterozygous | To have two differnet alleles for a gene |
| Hybrid | To be heterozygous for a trait |
| Purebred | To be homozygous for a trait |
| Mendel | Father of genetics |
| XX | Genotype for human female |
| XY | Genotype for human male |
| Incomplete dominance | A case in which both alleles are expressed if present in a blended form. Example if a red allele and a white allele combination caused a pink flower. |
| Genotype | The two alleles possessed for a gene |
| Phenotype | The observable traits (appearance) of an organism |
| Sex Linked | A trait found only on an X chromosome and not on a Y chromosome |
| Codominant allele | Both alleles being present cause both to be expressed independently. Example, blood type AB |
| Upper case | Letter used to represent dominant allele |
| Lower case | Letter used to represent recessive allele |
| hh | For Chinese crested dogs, hairlessness is H and hair is h. The genotype of an offspring with hair would be -?- |
| Hh | For Chinese crested dogs, hairlessness is H and hair is h. The genotype for and offspring without hair could be -?-. |
| ww | Widows peak is W. Straight hairline is w. Genotype of a person with a straight hairline would be -?- |
| Ww | Widow's peak is W and straight hairline is w. Elaine is heterozygous for hairline, so her genotype is -?- |
| Zygote | A fertilized egg |
| Sperm | A male sex cell |
| Egg | A female sex cell |
| 50 | Percent of traits you got from your mother |
| 2 | Number of sex chromosomes in a zygote |
| 46 | Normal number of chromosomes in a human body cell |
| 23 | Number of chromosomes in a sex cell |
| 0 | BB crosses with bb. Percent of offspring that will be bb is -?- |
| 25 | Bb crosses with Bb. Percent of offspring that will be bb is -?- |
| DNA | Material of which chromosomes are made |
| Ee | E is for ear size. Bob is heterozygous for ear size. His genotype is -?- |
| ee | E is for separate eyebrows and e is for unibrow. Jan's brows join in the middle. The genotype is -?- |
| WW | W is for widow's peak. John has a widow's peak and is homozygous. His genotype is -?- |
